1. Ref.1: Ikoku, Natural Gas Production Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, 1984, Chapter 7. Ref.2: Menon, Gas Pipeline Hydraulic, Taylor & Francis, 2005, Chapter 3. 1

2. Single Phase Gas Flow Series Pipeline with Elevation Change P2P2 P1P1 P3P3 P4P4 P5P5 2

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7. Single Phase Gas Flow Parallel Pipeline with Elevation Change P1P1 P2P2 L eA, d A, q A L eB, d B, q B L eC, d C, q C 7

8. Single Phase Gas Flow Parallel Pipeline with Elevation Change 8

9. Single Phase Gas Flow Looped Pipeline with Elevation Change P2P2 P1P1 L eA, d A, q A L eB, d B, q B L eC, d C, q C PxPx 9

10. Single Phase Gas Flow Looped Pipeline For Increasing Capacity P2P2 P1P1 L eA, d A, q A L eB, d B, q B L eC, d C, q C PxPx 10

11. Single Phase Gas Flow Looped Pipeline For Increasing Capacity P2P2 P1P1 L eA, d A, q A L eB, d B, q B L eC, d C, q C PxPx 11

12. Single Phase Gas Flow Optimum Diameter of Looped Pipeline P2P2 P1P1 L eA, d A, q A L eB, d B, q B L eC, d C, q C PxPx Assume that the cost of a pipe with one inch diameter and one foot length is C base

13. Single Phase Gas Flow Example 1: Description P2P2 P1P1 P3P3 P4P4 P5P5 For the above pipeline, calculate the exit pressure of each segments (P 2, P 3, P 4, P 5 ) based on Weymouth equation and Hysys software. Feed specifications: T 1 =50 o F, P 1 =1000 psia, q sc =200 MMscfd, C 1 =90%, C 2 =10% (mole) Pipeline specifications: L 1 =20 km, ΔZ 1 =2000 m, L 2 =30 km, ΔZ 2 =-500, L 3 =15 km, ΔZ 3 =600, L 4 =50 km, ΔZ 4 =-800, d 1 = d 2 = d 3 = d 4 = 20 in, T 5 =35 o F, E=0.95(in Weymouth) 13

14. Single Phase Gas Flow Example 1: Solution Hysys

15. Single Phase Gas Flow Example 1: Solution Hysys 15

16. Single Phase Gas Flow Example 2: Description P2P2 P1P1 L A, d A L B, d B L C, d C PxPx An old pipeline has the following specification: Feed specifications: T 1 =50 o C, P 1 =1000 psia, q old =1500 MMscfd, C 1 =90%, C 2 =10% (mole) Pipeline specifications: L A +L C =100 km, ΔZ=0, d A = d C = 42 in, T 2 =42 o C, E=0.95(in Weymouth) a)Calculate the outlet pressure (P 2 ) b)The pipeline capacity is increased by 25% (q new =1875 MMscfd). Calculate the optimum length and diameter of the looped pipeline.

17. Single Phase Gas Flow Example 2: Solution