1. Chapter 10 Section 3: Indian Removal

2. Indian Removal Act: Native Americans had lived in settlements from ______to Mississippi, but Jackson wanted to open the land up to settlement. Pressured by Jackson, Congress passed the Indian Removal Act of 1830, authorizing the _____of Native Americans who lived in these areas to lands in the west. Congress created ____Territory, land in what is now Oklahoma and planned to move Natives there. To manage the removal, Congress created a government agency called the Bureau of Indian _____.

3. The Indian Removal Act: The Choctaw were the ___to be sent to Indian Territory. The Mississippi legislature abolished their government and forced their leaders to sign the treaty that gave up their land (7.5 million acres). The Choctaw moved to Indian ______ during the winter, and was not provided with enough food or supplies from the federal officials in charge. _____ of the Choctaw died of cold, disease, or starvation. News of this hardship caused other Indians to ____ removal.

4. Indian Removal Act: The Creek Indians resisted in 1836. Federal troops moved in and captured ____ of them. They led them in chains to Indian territory. The Chickasaw, who lived in upper Mississippi, _____ a treaty for better supplies on their trip to Indian Territory. Still, many lives were lost during _____.

5. Cherokee Resistance: Many Cherokee had believed that they could prevent ____and avoid removal by adopting the contemporary culture of white people. They set up schools, taught children to read and write in ____. They wrote a Constitution, and elected leaders. A Cherokee named Sequoya used 86 characters to represent Cherokee syllables to create a ____system for their own complex language. In 1828, they began publishing a newspaper in both English and Cherokee.

6. Cherokee Resistance: The adoption of white culture didn’t ____the Cherokee. After gold was discovered on their land in Georgia, their treaty rights were ____. Georgia leaders began harassing the Cherokee and when they wouldn’t move they brought in the Georgia militia and attacked ____ towns. In response the Cherokee sued the state and said that they were an independent nation and claimed that the government of Georgia had no ___power over their lands. In 1832, the Supreme Court, under the leadership of Chief Justice John ___ agreed. In Worchester v. Georgia the court ruled that the Cherokee nation was a distinct community in which the ___of Georgia had no force.

7. Cherokee Resistance: Georgia ignored the Court’s ruling, and Jackson took no ___to make Georgia do so. In doing so, Jackson violated his presidential ___to uphold the laws of the land. Unfortunately most members of Congress and American citizens did not ____against the removal. In spring of 1838, U.S. troops began to remove all ___to Indian Territory. A few escaped to the mountains of North Carolina. The forced ___mile march of the Cherokee became known as the trail of tears. During this march, the Cherokee suffered from disease, hunger, and harsh weather. Almost one ____of the 18,000 Cherokee died on the march.