1. Militant Japan

2. Origins of Modern Japan Japan was a militaristic feudal society for centuries. Officially the Emperor was in charge…. In reality, the Shogun was in charge.

3. Shogunate Shogun = Military Leader. A general of sorts. The Shogun was created by the Emperor to run the military.

4. Modern Era Japan began to build up its military in the early 20 th Century. The military leaders took control and invaded Manchuria.

5. Russo Japanese War War with Russia established Japan as a world player. Peace was brokered by TR.

6. Overtures to Peace 1922: Japan attended the Washington Peace Conference Signed the treaties resulting from the conference. Tensions in Asia were greatly reduced.

7. Emperor Emperor Hirohito: officially in charge of Japan. Beloved by his people Seen as divine: descended from the gods. Controlled by his military

8. Extremists in Charge The extremists gained popular control during the depression. Moved against their enemies Bullied and beat their opponents and members of the press. Demanded total obedience to the state

9. Military Leaders Hideki Tojo Japanese military attaché in Germany after World War I. Leader of the Japanese Military Party War Minister in 1940. Negotiated the Japanese alliance with Germany. In 1941 he became Prime Minister Authorized the attack on Pearl Harbor.

10. Military Leaders Isokoru Yamamoto Attended Harvard Military attaché to U.S. in ’20’s 1938: Minister of Navy 1939: Admiral in charge of Japanese Navy Planned war with U.S. in 1941 and planned/commanded the Pearl Harbor attack.

11. Military Action 1931, Military leaders invaded Manchuria without permission from the government. Manchuria was rich in resources A puppet state was created.

12. Aftermath The United States issued the Stimson Doctrine. Secretary of State Stimson U.S. would not recognize puppet states. This was symbolic only.

13. Sino Japanese War 1937 – Japan invaded China Sino-Japanese War Why? Natural Resources

14. Rape of Nanking Japanese soldiers committee atrocities against the people of Nanking.

15. Indochina Invasion In 1940, Japan occupied French Indochina (Vietnam) Joined the Axis powers: Germany and Italy. Sunk an American gunboat.

16. Repercussions 1940 – The U.S. stopped all steel exports to Japan, further angering Japan.

17. 1941 1941 – Japan moved more troops into China 1941 – U.S. government seized all Japanese money and property in the United States and cut off all oil exports to Japan. 1941 – Negotiators were sent from Japan to Washington

18. Attack on Pearl Harbor Surprise attack on Dec 7, 1941. Attacked the Pacific Fleet hoping to cripple the US Navy. Successful attack, but ultimately unsuccessful….the carriers were not there.

19. War is Declared President Roosevelt asked Congress for a declaration of war, calling the attack on December 7, “a day that will live in infamy.”