1. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics This week we will cover the following topics in class: Discuss the need for project and equipment documentation. Why is it necessary that documentation be kept locally and remotely? Discuss “Tech copy” or field copy documentation importance. Discuss “Office or Supervisor's copy” documentation importance. Discuss the need for Engineering and Design master copies. Why do we sometimes call prints “Blue prints”? Why are engineering and construction standards necessary? Why must field personal be trained in electrical documentation use?

2. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics Begin with Safety PJB. HP topic: Questioning attitude (Don’t just assume) When working with electrical documentation, question everything. Don’t assume that the drawings are perfect and without in- accuracies. Accurate electrical documentation plays a key role in safe electrical work overall! Good prints keep accidents from happening! When working with electrical circuits in general, it is good to have 2 or 3 related drawings that “parallel” or coincide with the print you are using to acquire a level of comfort that the prints are accurate.

3. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics (Course Syllabus) Review the ETP 1138C advanced print reading syllabus for this semester. Hand out the student print packages with portfolio. Color code the various prints within the package to signify the following: Generation prints “Pink” Transmission prints “Orange” Distribution prints (LSSC T-sub prints) “Blue” Relay lab prints “Yellow”

4. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics (Road map analogy) Advanced print reading basics can be related to a travel destination and the use of a state road map. As with any journey, you start with a current location, followed up by a future destination. Getting from point “A” to point “B” requires some planning, and ultimately traveling a safe route along the way. The destination or end outcome of this course will be a journey in safety and proficiency with respect to electrical print reading and documentation techniques.

5. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics (Road map analogy) State of Florida Road Map.Electrical single line of substation.

6. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics (Blue Prints) When construction workers discuss prints and documentation, they often refer to these drawings as “Blue Prints”. Why? Prints and documentation from the early 1920’s through the mid 1980’s were often blue in overall color. The blue color of these prints were from the reaction between the paper used and the development chemicals, and the reaction between both paper and chemicals produced a “Blue” print. Most modern electronically generated prints are now white back ground, with multi-colored letters, symbols, and lines.

7. ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (What are blue prints)?

8. Blue print of the Wright Brothers flyer. Blue print of the P-51 Mustang airplane.

9. ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (What are blue prints)? Old original DC elementary blue print.Old original panel wiring blue print.

10. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics (Why should the relay tech be proficient in print reading skills?) Why is it important that the electrician and relay tech be skilled at print reading and “red lining” revision processes? The Relay technician is expected to know where to go for the answer to a difficult question many times in a large electrical project, and the relay tech will need to turn to his prints and documentation for the answer to these many questions that arise during a project, maintenance, or trouble shooting. Relay Technicians will most often tell you that their prints are the most valuable tool that they have to perform their work by.

11. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics Discuss project and equipment documentation and it’s importance. Drawings and documentation types. Drawings and print packages convey large amounts of information. Discuss the importance of a relay technician / substation electrician being proficient in working with documents, and understanding the documents, along with managing document development and control. The Relay Tech / Substation Electrician is set apart from most electrical utility workers due to their skills with understanding electrical prints / documents in general.

12. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics (Examples of documentation importance) 1. Electrical safety! 2. Managing expense and budget money. 3. Schedules and time lines. 4. Construction building codes. 5. Ordinances- legal aspects 6. Regulations pertaining to FERC, NERC, NESC, and OSHA. 7. Construction and engineering design standards adherence. 8. Electrical document control and engineering “best practices”.

13. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics Good documentation allows success in Safety, Construction, Maintenance, and trouble shooting tasks! Good skills regarding electrical print reading allow the relay tech and substation electrician to actively take a role in the following: 1. Safe work practices and methods. 2. Electrical construction activities such as substations and power plants. 3. Electrical maintenance activities involving substations and power plants. 4. Electrical trouble shooting of substations and power plants. 5. Lastly, for record keeping and archival process centered around the electrical prints.

14. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics Electrical prints are critical for understanding the complex electrical circuits associated with electric utility substations and power plants. The electrical prints must be as accurate as possible. The electrical prints must be managed and protected. Document control is critical when construction efforts are on-going in a substation or power plant that is being remodeled or retrofitted, and must remain viable, active, or in-service.

15. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics Substations and power plants are very complex, and therefore require more than one document to reflect accurately the overall electrical picture of the site. If you are involved in a net new site, the job of document management is a little more easier “early on” than if you are tasked with retrofitting an existing site that must stay energized and in- service. Once the project is complete, document revision is critical! Trouble shooting “LIVE” electrical circuits require the utmost care and working knowledge while using site specific electrical prints and documentation.

16. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics Using the example of constructing a new substation, there are different parts of an “engineering” or construction package. When constructing a new substation, the engineering package would be more inclusive, and could contain the following: 1. Project scope with time line and justification are issued at the start. 2. Architectural plans 3. Civil site plans 4. Electrical prints and or plans. 5. Protective relay and scada logic and relay settings files. 6. Equipment apparatus drawings and instruction manuals.

17. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics The relay technician and substation electrician are tasked with taking good care of the prints. They are charged with safe-guarding the prints because they play such an important role in the overall process of constructing a substation or power plant. The term “safe-guarding” means to protect the office copy, which normally serves as the master copy. (Assures information availability, and revision process). The relay technician is ultimately responsible for all the red lined as- builts, and the as-built process must be treated as a high priority so as to furnish engineering with all the changes and revisions from the field after the project is completed. (Information archiving)

18. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics The project package which includes many different drawings, schematics, relay settings, and logic diagrams are extremely important, and serve as legal documents in a court of law. The project package is critical for the safe, reliable, and efficient construction process from start to finish. In a court of law, these documents can often be referred to from a legal and compliance perspective. The design engineer, often referred to as the “engineer of record” is responsible for issuing and approving all changes that are made in the field with respect to any project. The engineer holds responsibility for the designs and settings. The relay technician or substation electrician should never make changes on their own with respect to “Final” project documents, but must involve the engineer of record for his approval.

19. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics The typical print package and construction drawing set will include at least the 5 following “Engineered” drawing subject areas shown below. Many times with respect to the size of the project, there could be more than 5 subject areas. 1. Architectural / Civil 2. Structural 3. Mechanical 4. Plumbing 5. Electrical

20. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics Materials and material specifications documents can play a large part in all most any electrical project. The materials used in constructing substations and power plants call for more detailed information on construction techniques typically in the structural steel and electrical buss applications or designs. Material specifications are one area that most electrical, mechanical, or civil engineers pay attention to due to the need for proper material strengths and physical electrical clearances.

21. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics The average print package for the construction of a large electrical substation could contain as many as 50-60 plus documents. Electrical power plants when designed and constructed could contain drawing numbers as high as 1000 plus documents. Print packages could contain not only electrical wiring prints and schematics, but also relay settings sheets, relay logic diagrams, and substation and power plant operating instructions. We will discuss the previous in more detail in the next few weeks.

22. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics (Hands on Exercise)

23. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics (Conclusion) Why do we as electrical workers need electrical prints and documentation to help us perform our jobs safely and efficiently?

24. ETP 1138C Week #1 Advanced print reading basics Close this weeks lesson with safety. Why is it a good practice to make sure that 2 or 3 related documents point in the same direction as to your understanding and comfort zone before starting a work procedure? What should you do if you find a mistake regarding prints and manufactures documents that are associated with a common piece of equipment?