1. Chapter 9: Our Government in Action

2. Chapter 9, Lesson 1: How our Government Works Chapter 9, Lesson 2: State and Local Government Chapter 9, Lesson 3: Your Government and You We will read, review PowerPoint, and fill out notes together Please work at the class pace so that you do not miss important information– this chapter can be somewhat confusing

3. Levels of Government After gaining independence from Britain, Americans wanted a government free from a monarch. Founding Fathers decided to have three levels of government National government State governments Local governments They created a constitution based on the ideas of the Declaration of Independence 27 Amendments- first 10 make up the Bill of RightsBill of Rights

4. First Amendment Freedom of… Speech Press Religion Assembly Right to petition the government What do you think each of these mean?

5. Separation of Powers National Level Legislative Executive Judicial Makes the law Bicameral- two houses Senate- 2 from each state Maria Cantwell Patty Murray House- number determined by population 53 Representatives (congressmen and congresswomen) Interprets the law through judicial review Supreme court-highest court Judges appointed by president Carries out and enforces the law President, vice president, cabinet, appointed offices and agencies President elected through electoral collegeelectoral college

6. CHECKS AND BALANCES Executive Branch Judicial Branch Legislative Branch Approve federal judges Command armed forces Writes the laws Declares war Interprets the laws Appoints judges Declare executive action unconstitutional Can veto bills Power to impeach Override vetoes with 2/3 vote Power to pardon Enforce the law Declare laws unconstitutional

7. Political Parties https://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/usgovernment/politicalpart ies/ https://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/usgovernment/politicalpart ies/

8. Separation of Powers State Level LegislativeExecutive Judicial Makes the law for state of WA only 1 senator from each district (49) 2 representatives from each district (98) They have various committees Oversee: Tax policies Spending Business and trade Local governments State constitution Interprets the law State supreme court Nine judges elected by state voters Other levels of courts below Governor Hire staff “State of the State” report Command WA National Guard Submit bills to legislature Sign bills into law Elected Officials Lieutenant Governor

9. How A Bill Becomes a Law in WA State In a nutshell: Anybody can propose Sent to house or senate and read and goes to committee If approved, goes to a hearing  then amendments made or it dies Rules committee to debate or discuss. If passed, reviewed once more and goes to final vote back to either senate or house. Then back to the opposite house. Signed by both house and senate and sent to governor. Citizens can voice opinion to governor Governor can approve, do nothing & it becomes law, or veto/line veto. Legislature can override veto by 2/3 vote And at national level: http://viewpure.com/FFroMQlKiag?start=0&end=0 http://viewpure.com/FFroMQlKiag?start=0&end=0

10. Local Government Counties, cities, towns County Governments 39 counties- 3 elected county commissioners in each county Municipal Governments 270 municipal governments Municipality- city or town Governed by a mayor and city council; city manager and city council; commissioners Make laws called ordinances Dow Constantine And a council of 9 members- one from each council district in King County King County Government

11. Indian Sovereignty 29 federally recognized tribes in Washington Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975 Have their own tribal governments Gambling in casinos is allowed on reservations. Why do they call casinos the “new buffalo?”

12. Taxes! Collect taxes to pay for public education, roads, police and fire protection, libraries, public health services, employment services, state parks, welfare support, sports stadiums “All taxes shall be uniform …” Graduated income tax was ruled as unconstitutional in the state of WA because it was not uniform, so WA does not have a state income tax Taxes on property, retail sale, public utilities, tobacco, and alcohol

13. Civic Duty Civics- rights and responsibilities of citizens Civics Granted rights by the federal and state government Responsible to contribute to society and abide by the laws Responsibility to vote and be an informed voter How can you get involved with your government?

14. Chapter 10: Our State Economy The economy has to do with money, business, people, & the government how people make a living (income to support themselves and their family) how states and countries interact with each other Economics is how individuals, businesses, government, and societies make choices about limited resources.

15. Economic Resources – they are limited… Land : all natural resources (land, water, fossil fuels, etc.) Labor: the work people do to produce goods & services Capital: the money, tools, machines, and other products needed to make goods & services Management ability: skilled person who can manage land, labor, and capital in a way that will make a profit

16. A free market system, or capitalismcapitalism This type of economy is where the citizens own most of the companies. The companies are privately owned by people, not the government. This is the trade-offs that a person makes when making a decision. You might need to give up one thing in order to get another thing. Example: you might need to give up some sleep so that you can play a sport and stay on top of your school work. The benefit is that you play on a sports team that you enjoy and you are able to get your school work done; the cost is that you lose needed sleep. Opportunity Costs

17. An entrepreneur is someone who starts their own business. Some entrepreneurs from Washington State include

18. Minimum Wage…it’s the lowest legal wage an employer can pay an employee and is meant to help workers meet their basic needs.

19. Supply & Demand: Supply & Demand: another aspect of doing business… SUPPLY refers to the amount of goods and services that businesses produce. Demand refers to the willingness and ability of people to buy the goods and services that are available.

20. Debit & CreditCredit Like cash out of your Like a loan checking account

21. Washington Industries Logging Fishing Agriculture Aerospace Technology Medicine Wind Power Hydroelectricity Ranching Manufacturing

22. Free trade is trade between countries that is tax free. NAFTA is a free trade agreement between the U.S., Mexico, and Canada. Washington State’s top three trading partners include China, Canada, and Japan.