1. Forestry

2. Harvesting processes Harvesting processEase of loggingCostEcological protection Clear cuttingVery easy – area can be cut with machines and logs moved by trucks Cheapest – efficient, most of the work done by machines Bad-destroys ecosystems and soil Shelterwood loggingEasy – trees cut in rows leaving trees to protect and reseed Cheap-less efficient trees must be left Moderately protects ecosystems and soil Selective harvestDifficult- trees must be cut and moved individually Expensive- trees are difficult to cut and remove Good leaves area mostly intact

3. Acid rain Acid rain is a major problem for forests in Canada Acid rain is formed when air pollution from burning fossil fuels mix's with clouds The acid damages the leaves of trees Acid in the soil dissolve nutrients and creates other toxins

4. Insects and Pests Pests are a threat to forests as they kill and damage trees making them unusable for logging or killing trees left to reseed an area Forest companies spray pesticides and insecticides to protect trees Some pests include the emerald ash borer, pine beetle The chemicals sprayed can pollute water and kill wildlife

5. Problems Clear cutting is cheap and efficient Clear cutting is safer Pesticides protect trees Pesticides kill invasive species Global competition lowers the price of products Clear cutting destroys ecosystems Trees in a clear cut grow back slowly Pesticides kill native species They run into the water supply Global competition hurts the forest industry It causes jobs to be lost in canada