1. The Industrial Revolution EQ: How did the Industrial Revolution change the economy in the North?

2. Industrial Revolution Industrial Revolution – factory machines replaced hand tools, and large-scale manufacturing replaced farming. Inventions of machines made it possible for unskilled workers to produce items quickly. Changed the way goods were produced Began in England, but then moved to the United States, especially in New England. Cottage Industry – making things at home prior to industrialization

3. Industrial Revolution Industrial Revolution was made possible by several advances Inventions to make manufacturing easier Factory processes to make manufacturing faster Advancements in transportation Increase in workers from immigration

4. Samuel Slater Samuel Slater – sailed to the United States from Britain and brought the idea of machines for making thread and cloth

5. Factories Factory system – brought people and machines together under one roof People left farms and crowded into cities where factories were. Factories needed a source of power = water

6. New England states The New England states became a good place to set up factories - WHY?? Factories needed water for power – New England had many fast moving rivers Transporting goods – easy access to the ocean for ships No farming – people here were looking for jobs and willing to work

7. Children work Many workers in factories were women and children Children could often produce more cloth, more quickly Children as young as 7 were common workers

8. Francis Cabot Lowell Lowell – improved the design of the British looms and increased production. Created large scale factories, that became clustered and form their own towns in MA: Haverhill and Lowell, to start.

9. Women work Lowell Mills – textile mills in village of Lowell Massachusetts Machines spun raw cotton into yarn Mills employed farm girls – Lowell girls Girls lived in boarding houses & worked 12 hour days. After work, they often learned to read, play music, etc….received an education that they may not have received as child on a farm.

10. Lowell Girls

11. Eli Whitney Interchangeable parts - Eli Whitney invented machine-made parts that were exactly alike This sped up production & made repairs easier Cheaper for factories to produce goods 1798 – demonstrated to Congress VASTLY INCREASED FACTORY PRODCUTION SPEED

12. Assembly Line Production Possible because of advances in technology interchangeable parts steam powered machinery Worker didn’t have to know how to build a product from start to finish good for unskilled workers jobs for immigrants