1. Biochemistry The Scope of Biochemistry..
Biochemistry The Scope of Biochemistry
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Introduction
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Revolution in biological sciences: Biochemistry becomes the heart of this revolution.
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Designing Molecules
6-Mercaptopurine
3‘Azido-2’,3’-dideoxythymidine (AZT)
Isoproterenol
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6. Two factors for the contribution:
Living matter obeys the same fundamental physical and chemical laws that govern all matter.
Powerful new research techniques are discovered.
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What is Biochemistry ?
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Goals of Biochemistry
Describe structure, organization, function of cells in molecular terms.
Structural Chemistry
Metabolism
Molecular Genetics
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10. Roots of Biochemistry (Figure 1.3)
Wohler's synthesis of urea
Buchners' fermentation of sugar from yeast extracts
Sumner's crystallization of urease
Flemming's discovery of chromosomes
Mendel's characterization of genes
Miescher's isolation of nucleic acids
Watson and Crick's structure of DNA
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12. Biochemistry as a Discipline and an interdisciplinary science :
Organic chemistry
Biophysics
Medical research
Nutrition
Microbiology
Physiology
Cell biology
genetics
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13. Biochemistry as a Chemical Science
Amino acids
Sugars
Lipids
Nucleotides
Vitamins
Hormones
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14. Chemical Elements of Living Matter (Figure 1.4, Table 1.1)
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Biological Molecules
Monomers/Polymers (Figure 1.7)
Sugar/Polysaccharide
Nucleotide/Nucleic Acids
Amino acid/Polypeptides (Figure 1.6)
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21. Biochemistry as a Biological Science
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22. Distinguishing Characteristics of Living Matter
Constant renewal of a highly ordered structure accompanied by an increase in complexity of that structure 
Overcoming entropy requires energy 
Life is self-replicating
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23. Unit of Biological Organization: The Cell (Figure 1.8, Figure 1.9)
Prokaryotes (Table 1.2)   Eubacteria Archaebacteria  
Eukaryotes (Compartmentalization of organelles) (Figure 1.11, Figure 1.13)
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31. Windows on Cellular Functions: The Viruses
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33. New Tools in the Biological Revolution (Figure 1.15)
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35. The Uses of Biochemistry
Agriculture 
Medicine 
Nutrition 
Clinical Chemistry
Pharmacology 
Toxicology
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