1. Ecosystems biomes

2. ECOLOGY  Study of ____________  Interactions of organisms (biotic)  Interaction of organisms and the environment (abiotic factors)

3. Organization of Ecology  Biosphere = Earth =Most inclusive /largest  Biome = same climate  Ecosystem = area with the same climate ex: pond, aquarium, park, biome  Community = all organisms in that area  Population = one type of organism  Organism / individual

4. Biomes  Desert  Tundra  Taiga  Temperate Forest  Temperate grassland  Tropical Forest (Rain Forest)  Tropical savanna  Fresh water  Salt water

5. Ecosystems  Balance  Cycles- oxygen/carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen  Energy transfer (only goes in one direction)  Habitat – where one lives (home)  Niche - one’s job  Biotic- communities, populations, individual – interactions within – ex. Predator/prey, symbiosis  Abiotic- soil, climate

6. Biodiversity  Different species of organisms  Why is biodiversity good?  What could threaten the biodiversity in a given area?

7. Communities  Species richness = # of different species, greater variety helps stability  Stability = resistance to change- if unfavorable conditions occur fewer species will die out  Species diversity = abundance of each species (population) (how common is each type of organism)  Closer to equator = more biodiversity – WHY?  Would reducing the size of the area affect the population? Why?  More interaction between species can lead to greater biodiversity  Removing a species can cause a shift in the balance of the ecosystem or a change in the biodiversity  competition

8. Succession (pages 94-95)  Gradual change in the ecosystem – biotic factors  Start with small and gradually get larger, more complicated organisms  First plant / animal = pioneer  Organized  Stability - between organisms / interdependence

9. Primary  First organisms ever, no previous life  Lichens – fungi and algae, often found on rocks in the tundra  Pioneer plants and animals  Slow - takes years  Climax – stability occurs - reached when no more change occurs that give way to more complex species

10. Secondary  Area had been established – but something destroyed it- what could cause the destruction of a forest?  The area “restarts”

11. Examples of succession lake Sandy beach  grasses  shrubs  taller plants  small trees  soft woods  hard woods

13. succession

16. Self assessment  What did you learn?  What was clarified ?  What interested you ?  How / when are you going to do your homework?

17. Ideas for extra credit  Poster – a biome  Poster – succession  Poster – biotic /abiotic factors  cartoon