1. The Research Process Topic Subtopics Sources Read/Think/Select Notetake Sort & Number Notes Putting the pieces together.

2. Copyright 2008 Deborah B. Stanley All rights reserved This PowerPoint is intended for educational and/or instructional purposes in a school library setting or for use by an instructor for single-event staff development. It is not permissible to reproduce this material for commercial gain. This material may be adapted by teacher librarians for site-specific research teaching with minimal deviation from the original model and with proper credit to the source. Made and distributed by Deborah B. Stanley Debstanley550@mac.com All images are from MS PowerPoint Clip Art Gallery and from the Microsoft Office “Design Gallery Live” at http://dgl.microsoft.com/?CAG=1 http://dgl.microsoft.com/?CAG=1

3. Let’s focus on: Selecting Sources

4. Concepts to Consider How many sources should I use? What is copyright? Why are citations important? What are sources? What are formats? Sources

5. What are sources? Anything and everything used for… Let’s begin by asking, Sources

6. There are two kinds of sources: “I was summoned by my country, whose voice I can never hear but with veneration and love…” (First Inaugural Address given in New York on Thursday, April 30, 1789.) George Washington was born on February 22, 1732, in Westmoreland County, Virginia. Sources

7. and Internet web sites. Primary Sources Provide information indirectly from: Provide information directly from: c) a thing such as bones or artifacts b) a place such as Roman ruins; or People writing what they have learned about other people, places, or things in sources such as newspapers, television, books, Secondary Sources a) a person such as in letters, speeches, and diaries Sources

8. There is another way to divide sources: Sources

9. What are formats? A format is a particular kind of source, or the form it comes in. In nonprint sources, formats include: Internet Web sites, DVDs, e-books, etc. In print sources, formats include: books, references (encyclopedias) magazines, newspapers, etc. It’s also essential to know, Sources

10. This simple story explains formats The grocery store aisle is full of boxes. They’re all cereal. But you went to the store for certain kinds of cereal such as Rice Toasties and Wheat Flakes. The library media center is full of information. They’re all sources. You’re in the library to find certain kinds of information such as books, encyclopedias, and Web sites. For cereal or for sources, there are different kinds in different packages. Sources

11. How many sources should I use? How should I start? Then 1 source for 1 day is okay? And always remember… For scheduled library time and for novice researchers, try using the same number of sources as days of research. For example, 3 days = 3 different kinds of sources. No. Information literacy standards require that students use a variety of formats, meaning several different kinds of sources. Sources

12. Using only ONE source is… No matter how many words you change. http://www.plagiarism.org/ For a sample school plagiarism policy see this web site: http://www.ouhsd.k12.ca.us/sites/ohs/depts/engl/plagiarism_policy.htm Sources

13. You should use at least three formats Books Encyclopedias Internet …for every research project. For example: Sources

14. Developing Library Locational Skills Using an electronic card catalog to locate library books, i.e.: with keywords and call numbers. Using a variety of references effectively, i.e.: with index and guide words. Using a variety of electronic sources effectively, such as the Internet. i.e.: with search engines and Boolean techniques. means: Sources

15. It concerns the legal use of ideas, information, and images. It deals with the issue of “information ownership.” In research, observing copyright helps prevent plagiarism. What is copyright? Sources

16. It helps prevent plagiarism. Why is a citation important? It has a specific style such as MLA or APA. It gives credit to the author(s). It validates your information so the teacher knows it is real. plagiarism Please give me credit for my work. Sources

17. Basic MLA Citations (The LMT may demonstrate using overhead transparencies.) Alphabetical Order:________ Name:______________________________________________ Pd:_______ Book: MLA Citation AUTHOR (last name-comma-first and middle)___________________________________________(period). TITLE (underlined) _________________________________________________________________(period). PLACE of publication _______________________________________________________________(colon): PUBLISHER _____________________________________(comma), YEAR____________________period). Example: Kent, Zachary and Susan Anne Dean. George Washington. Chicago: Children’s Press, 2006. Activity form for book with one author: Sources

18. Basic MLA Citations (The LMT may demonstrate using overhead transparencies.) Alphabetical Order:________ Name:______________________________________________ Pd:_______ Reference (Encyclopedia): MLA Citation AUTHOR if available (last name, first and middle)________________________________________(period). ARTICLE TITLE (“quotation marks”)________________________________________________(period). TITLE of encyclopedia (underlined) ____________________________________________________(period). YEAR______________________ followed by edition abbreviated to the letters: ed. _____________(period). Example: Barnes, Jr., Isaac Jacob. “Washington, George.” The World Book Encyclopedia. 2007 ed. Activity form for print encyclopedia: Sources

19. Basic MLA Citations (The teacher-librarian demonstrates with interactive white board.) Alphabetical Order:________ Name:______________________________________________ Pd:_______ Internet: MLA Citation TITLE of web site (“quotation marks”)_________________________________________________(period). DATE of access: Day + Month (abbreviated-period.) + Year ______________________________(no period) URL ( ) _____________________________________________(period). Example: “Energy Update.” 2 Jan. 2007. Activity form for general Internet web site: Sources

20. (roaming haphazardly) (staying on target) “surfing” and “searching” Know the difference between: Speaking of Internet Sources

21. Internet Resources Education-friendly search tools include: All-In-One Search Pagehttp://www.allonesearch.com/all1desk.html#DeskRefhttp://www.allonesearch.com/all1desk.html#DeskRef AskERIChttp://ericir.syr.eduhttp://ericir.syr.edu A to Z Home Schoolinghttp://www.gomilpitas.com/homeschooling/explorehttp://www.gomilpitas.com/homeschooling/explore Awesome Libraryhttp://www.awesomelibrary.com/http://www.awesomelibrary.com/ Biographical Dictionaryhttp://s9.com/biographyhttp://s9.com/biography Blue Web’nhttp://www.kn.pacbell.com/wired/bluewebn/index.htmlhttp://www.kn.pacbell.com/wired/bluewebn/index.html Chico HS Libraryhttp://melvil.chicousd.org/http://melvil.chicousd.org/ DiscoverySchool databasehttp://school.discovery.com/schrockguide/kidstuff.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/schrockguide/kidstuff.html High School Hubhttp://highschoolhub.org/hub/hub.cfmhttp://highschoolhub.org/hub/hub.cfm InfoPleasehttp://www.infoplease.comhttp://www.infoplease.com Internet Public Libraryhttp://www.ipl.orghttp://www.ipl.org Librarians’ Index to the Internet http://www.lii.orghttp://www.lii.org LibrarySpothttp://www.libraryspot.comhttp://www.libraryspot.com Proteus Internet Searchhttp://www.thrall.org/proteus.htmlhttp://www.thrall.org/proteus.html RefDesk.comhttp://www.refdesk.comhttp://www.refdesk.com Schools of California Online Resources for Education (SCORE) http://score.rims.k12.ca.us/http://score.rims.k12.ca.us/ TeacherTubehttp://www.teachertube.com/http://www.teachertube.com/ Sources

22. Now you try it! Sources