1. Conditions on the Eve of the Reformation Rare picture of the lesser known “Posting of the 95 lost kittens” by Martin Luther. Note: Only 15 were found. MISSING

2. Religion 1.Historical Problems a. Babylonian Captivity (1304-1378) b. The Great Schism (~ 40 years)

3. Religion Effects: -Both of these cause great damage to the church’s moral influence… the power of the Pope declined. -Europeans felt greater loyalty to the Monarchs than the Church

4. Religion 2. John Wycliffe “The only religious truth is the Bible.” a. Calls for an end to all church practices not in the Bible. b. He does the unthinkable… ooooohhhh… Wycliffe and Wyclef

5. Religion -Wycliffe translates the Bible from Latin the English c. Effects: 1)broke the Church’s hold as keepers of religious truth 2) Lollards led a church revolt -onions with communion

6. Religion 3. Corruptions in the Church a. Clerical immorality (drinking, gambling, sex) b. Clerical Ignorance (many could barely read/write) c. Clerical Pluralism d. Clerical Absenteeism Friar Tuck blowin’ up the Merry Mens’ cellies

7. Religion 4. Jan Hus – A Czech, who like Wycliffe, translated the Latin Bible a. Hussite Wars 1. Hus called upon to defend his views, he’s branded a heretic and burned at the stake 2. HRE wages was against the Hussites over 16 years -Hussites and the Pope eventually reach an agreement

8. Politics 1.Rise of centralized states 2. Monarchs vs. the Church 3. Catholic Monarchs resented for forcing conversions

9. Economics 1.The Church gaining wealth through: a. exploration/ expansion/ conversion b. corruption/ fees -Simony c. Selling of Indulgences -“Get out of purgatory free card” -M. Luther had big issues with this

10. Economics 2. Middle class gaining wealth through hard work 3. Monarchs gaining wealth by taxing middle class

11. Economics Effects: -Church’s wealth resented by Monarchs and middle class because of its corruption, ignorance, and neglecting of religious philosophy. -Middle class’ wealth resented, “They don’t deserve that much.” -Monarchs’ wealth resented by the Church and middle class, seen as too powerful, ruthless, and political.

12. Social 1.Rise of white urban males 2.Rise of Middle Class 3.Peasants, women, minorities do not gain much (do not experience a “Renaissance”) 4.Monk is no longer the “Ideal Man”

13. Social Effects -White urban males and Middle Class resent taxes. Want validation of their Secular life -Peasants, women, and minorities want what others (white males) have

14. Intellectual You know this stuff… 1.Secularism 2.Humanism 3.Individualism Effect: Church’s actions and teachings questioned

15. THE STAGE IS SETTHE STAGE IS SET…