1. Do Now: In you notes, describe what happens to an object as heat (energy) is added to it. What changes take place, what happens to the molecules? With what do you measure this change?

2. -The temperature of the object increases. -Molecular bonds are broken and they move faster -The phase changes. -Measured with a thermometer Explain the different heat transfer in this picture. Answers:

3. I.Types of Heat Transfer: Conduction: the transfer of energy (heat) by molecular activity. (molecules touching molecules) Why are solids better conductors of energy than a gas?

4. Convection: the transfer of energy (heat) by mass movement or circulation within a substance. (difference in density) - Energy is transferred in the troposphere by convective currents. Hot air rises Cold air sinks

5. Radiation: the transfer of energy (heat) through the vacuum of space (like the sun’s energy) Laws of Radiation Every object emits energy Hotter objects radiate more energy Objects that are good absorbers of radiation are good emitters as well - dark objects - rough surfaces Which driveway feels hotter in the summer and why?

6. II. Electromagnetic Spectrum (energy): The sun emits visible light, infrared radiation (I.R.) and ultraviolet radiation (U.V.) Visible light or white light, is the only portion we can see. White light can be divided into the colors of the rainbow by using a prism (ROYGBIV).

7. Page 14 of the ESRT The Sun radiates U.V radiation (shortwave) during the day which is absorbed by Earth. At night the Earth re-radiates this energy as infrared radiation (long wave)

8. III. Mechanisms of Energy Transfer Ground Reflection: energy bounces off a particle and remains constant. Scattering: energy bounces off a particle in many directions and looses energy.

9. Ground Transmitting: energy passes through an object. Absorption: energy is held onto by an object. *H 2 0 - absorbs heat *C0 2 – absorbs heat *Ozone - absorbs U.V.