1. Listening for main ideas Listening for reasons Note taking skills Dr Fung Cheung Kam See

2. I. Speaking & Listening Listening 1 Listening: University Library Orientation Talk Task: Listening for signals or cues (discourse markers) which signal important ideas Markers: Order/sequence Importance Definitions Conclusions

3. Listen for markers which indicate main ideas/ important ideas Signals orderSignals importance Signals definitions Signals conclusions or end of part or whole I am here to tell you ……  The most important thing …..  What I mean by that is …  Finally ….. Now ……You also need to know……  There are several ways to look at … To sum up… First ….It’s essential that …..  For example ….In conclusion … Next ……  You certainly need to know…..  So ……  There is/ there are a couple of important …… 

4. Listening for specific information 1. How much does it cost to get an inter-library loan? 2. What does she say is the “most important thing to remember? 3. Why is it ‘essential that’ you bring your student card to the library? 4. How much is a library fine for a day? 5. For how long can you borrow popular books? 6. For how long can you borrow books from the reserve collection? 7. What happens to you at the end of the year if you have library fines which are outstanding? 8. What is one of ‘several things’ that can help you find information? 9. What are the names of the two libraries discussed in her talk? 10. May anyone request an inter-library book loan?

5. Answers 1. How much does it cost to get an inter-library loan?  $2.00 2. What does she say is the “most important thing to remember?  There are two libraries. 3. Why is it ‘essential that’ you bring your student card to the library?  You will not get past the turnstiles. 4. How much is a library fine for a day?  $2.00 5. For how long can you borrow popular books?  Seven days

6. Answers 6. For how long can you borrow books from the reserve collection?  Three hours 7. What happens to you at the end of the year if you have library fines which are outstanding?  You will not get your marks or graduate. 8. What is one of ‘several things’ that can help you find information?  CD Rom Catalogues; such as ERIC 9. What are the names of the two libraries discussed in her talk?  The university library and your department library. 10. May anyone request an inter-library book loan?  No, postgraduate and final year students.

7. Preparing for listening 2 Genetically Modified Crops What is GM Food? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vUzVm-zpyR8 Video: the controversial case of GM crops http://www.voanews.com/content/researchers-say- africa-genetically-modified-crops-held-back-by- scaremongering/1965640.html http://www.voanews.com/content/researchers-say- africa-genetically-modified-crops-held-back-by- scaremongering/1965640.html

8. I. Speaking & Listening Orientation Some issues in science and technology Task A: Discussion Task B: Vocabulary Listening 2 Listening for Reasons: Interview with a scientist Task A: Orientation Discussion Task B: Listening for markers that indicate reasons Task C: Listening for reasons

9. Vocabulary: Science & Technology WordsMeanings diesel (n)a kind of fuel, usually for heavy vehicles the (general) public (n) ordinary public rural (adj.)countryside where farmers work radicallysurprisingly big, or dramatic legislationlaws determineFind out consumerspeople who buy and use things

10. Vocabulary: Science & Technology WordsMeanings the environmentnatural things around us (air, plants, etc) mechanisationreplacing older ways of doing things with machines environmentalistperson opposed to damage to natural things around us processed foodfood that has been highly cooked and packaged breedto choose carefully which animals or plants to allow to reproduce, in order to produce a better version. This commonly happens, for instance, with race horses. pestsinsects or other animals that damage crops or property

11. Vocabulary: Science & Technology WordsMeanings reproduceproduce more of the same kind (usually for animals and plants) genepart of animal and plant cells which controls the characteristics of the whole animal or plant – it’s made up of DNA Genetically modified (GM) living things with altered genes yieldamount produced – in this Unit, crops resistant tonot damaged or affected by something

12. Vocabulary: Science & Technology WordsMeanings produce (n)The food grown on a farm genetic (adj) genetically (adv) associated with the genes assert (vb)say strongly urban (adj)related to cities

13. I. Speaking & Listening Listening Listening for Reasons: Interview with a scientist Task A: Orientation Discussion Task B: Listening for markers that indicate reasons Task C: Listening for reasons Markers:

14. Interview with a scientist Practise listening for markers that indicate reasons All these words indicate a reason either before or after them Tick the words in the box as you hear them in order tobecauseso reason(s)meanwhy? infinitive with “to”thusas a consequence

15. in order tobecauseso reason(s)meanwhy? infinitive with “to”thusas a consequence

16. Listening for reasons 1. Why have humans been breeding plants? 2. Why is it impossible to quickly make big changes in a species by breeding? 3. Why is genetic engineering considered a good thing by some people? 4. Why are some consumers concerned about GM foods? 5. Why are environmentalists concerned about GM foods? 6. Why are the food companies publicising the testing they have done on GM foods?

17. 1. Why have humans been breeding plants?  Increase yields  Reduce loss to disease 2. Why is it impossible to quickly make big changes in a species by breeding?  Different species can’t reproduce with each other 3. Why is genetic engineering considered a good thing by some people?  Increase crop yields to keep up with expanding population  Increases profit

18. 1. Why are some consumers concerned about GM foods?  Food companies afraid to give information about dangers 2. Why are environmentalists concerned about GM foods?  Effect on ecosystem 3. Why are the food companies publicising the testing they have done on GM foods?  Reduce fear amongst consumers

19. Practice on listening for reasons Activity: Dictogloss Listening: Work space Take notes on a paragraph Pair work and check with one another Group: write the ideas out Include the key points only Look at the tape script Underline the main points in the tape scripts Critical reflections on your performance

20. Study Skills: Taking Good Notes Pair Discussion (10 minutes) 1. Why is it important for students to take notes during lectures? 2. How do you normally take notes? What format do you normally use? 3. Do you find taking notes during class difficult for you? Why? 4. Please share your tips on taking good notes.

21. Note Taking 1. Why is note taking an important academic skill? Notes provide a record of what has been listened to or read Written in students’ own word Starting point for writing an essay Helps with the actual learning process 2. What happens when students take notes? Active Focused Concentrating

22. Taking Good Notes Case 1 Hannah Read this scenario What is Hannah doing right? What is Hannah doing wrong? Share with your partner: What would you do differently?

23. What is Hannah doing right? What is Hannah doing wrong?

24. Tips for Taking Good Notes Discuss each one with a partner (5 minutes) Are all of them important? Are any unnecessary? 1. Lecture topic & date 2. Keywords 3. Indent 4. Abbreviations & symbols 5. Graphic organizers 6. One idea per line 7. Blank space 8. Rewrite

25. Case 2: Armando Armando is taking his first history course at the university. He always gets to class a few minutes early and sits near the front of the room. He records lecture using his cell phone, which has a recording feature. He starts recording when the professor begins the lecture. During the lecture, Armando takes notes, but leaves a blank space when he doesn’t understand. He Stops the recording when the professor answers questions from the students. Later, he plays the recording again and fills in the missing blanks. That night, he creates a graphic organizer by drawing a diagram to summarize the ideas in the lecture. He compares his notes with a classmate the next morning in class.

26. Tips for Taking Good Notes Discuss each one with a partner (5 minutes) Are all of them important? Are any unnecessary? 1. Sit in front of the room 2. Record the lecture 3. Take notes even if you record 4. Record the questions and answers after the lecture 5. Take notes selectively 6. Organize your notes 7. Use graphic organizers 8. Compare notes with a classmate Other tips: Take a photo of the answers on the board Get permission first.

27. Discuss these questions with a partner (5 minutes) 1. Which of the tips do you already follow? 2. Which suggestions will you try to use in the future? 3. What other ideas do you have for taking effective lecture notes?

28. Critical Reflections Based on today’s lesson, what have you learnt about identifying main ideas? Based on today’s lesson, how well do you think you take notes? What are some things you do well? What are some areas you need to improve?

29. Follow up

30. 1. Rainbow passage Record yourself and compared with the target pronunciation 2. Cultural Awareness Reading: Preparing Students for Graduate Study Worksheet A List of Etiquette on your own country A List of Etiquette among ASEAN countries 3. Preparations for Day 4 afternoon Read at least one abstract assigned Worksheet: fill in the sentence numbers according to the elements of an abstract highlight the sentences on your abstract. 4. Independent Learning Websites Check out at least one website per day and report to class 5. Small Talk Read the steps Think through the advice given Fill in the blanks with your own ideas. Practice at least once with your colleagues

31. Independent Learning http://www.merriam-webster.com/ Dogged http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dogged dog·ged adjective \ ˈ dȯ-g ə d\: having or showing the attitude of a person who wants to do or get something and will not stop trying : stubborn and determined

32. Use On-line Dictionary Example dogged marked by stubborn determination — dog·ged·ly adverb — dog·ged·ness noun Her dogged efforts eventually paid off. a dogged pursuit of power http://www.merriam- webster.com/dictionary/dogged?show=0&t=1406618492 http://www.merriam- webster.com/dictionary/dogged?show=0&t=1406618492

33. Example: dogged Synonymspersistent, insistent, patient, persevering,persistentinsistentpatientpersevering pertinacious pertinacious, tenacioustenacious Antonymsacquiescent, agreeable, amenable, complian t,complying, flexible, pliable, pliant, relenting, acquiescentagreeableamenablecomplian tcomplyingflexiblepliablepliantrelenting yielding

34. Vocab Test Ref. http://www.lextutor.ca/tests/levels/productive/index.html http://www.lextutor.ca/tests/levels/productive/index.html http://www.lextutor.ca/List_Learn/ If you score below 83% on any level, you can build up this level by working on the corresponding wordlist on the Linked Lists page. Use the linked concordance and dictionary as learning tools. Or if your prefer, read e-texts using VP to identify zone words. It is not a good idea to do all the versions of the test at the same time; do one version, and save others to test yourself after study.