1. Where They Came From COWH

6. Economy: Olive (oil- fuel, food, body) & Grapes

10.  Earliest, developed around 2000 BCE  King Minos @ Crete Palace @ Knossos  Famous for frescoes  Sailors/traders throughout islands

11. Knossos

14. Writing system: Linear B

15.  Famous for sports (first open arena) Boxing Bull leaping (coed)

16.  Legend of the Labyrinth “Double-Headed Axe” (Labrys) Theseus vs. Minotaur legend  1628 BCE- Tidal wave destroys coastal areas  1400 BCE- Mycenaeans conquer Crete

17.  Settled in Peloponnesus  Raided by land and sea  Built walled fortress-cities King offered protection in exchange for goods/work  Warriors at heart  Took over Minoans; in turn fell 1200 BCE

21. “Agamemnon Mask”

22.  Troy- major trading city Controlled route to Black Sea  Story in Iliad and Odyssey (Homer) Paris (Troy) loves Helen (Mycenaean) Helen taken to Troy  Mycenaean siege of Troy for 10 years Wooden horse Odysseus’ return journey  Important role of gods and goddesses  http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=YbiR6IMf5KQ http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=YbiR6IMf5KQ

23. Plain of Troy

25.  City-states (polis) City and its surrounding lands Independent and self- sufficient <10,000 people, small % were free adult males Acropolis (hill) & agora (marketplace) Own gov’t, laws, currency, calendar, etc.

26. Acropolis at Athens

27.  Aristocrats- “best men” nobles who controlled city-state Only ones w/ money & power before 600s BCE  Hoplites- heavy infantry w/ spear Essential to city-state protection (citizen-soldier) Defeated aristocrats’ horses/chariots I am essential to city-state defense, so I deserve fair and just rulers!

28.  Tyrants- illegally took power but had people’s support (lasted 650-500 BCE) Overthrow led to  Popular Gov’t- concept that people can rule themselves  Democracy- government in which all citizens participate (Athens)  Some return to aristocracies/monarchy (Sparta)

29.  VAST network of gods and goddesses  Myths created to explain the things Oracles- human voices of gods

30. Zeus Hera Poseidon Hades Demeter Hestia Ares Hephaestus Hebe Eris Apollo Artemis Dionysus Persephone Athena Aphrodite Hermes King of Gods & Sky Queen of Gods, Marriage, Women Sea Underworld Agriculture Hearth War Fire & Forge Youth Discord Sun, Medicine, Art Moon & Hunt Wine Spring Wisdom, War, Civilization Love & Beauty Commerce (Messenger)

31.  Greek athletic games honoring Zeus  Held every 4 years  Only men watched/competed  First held in 776 BCE