1. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. A Living Language Medical Terminology Chapter 4 Musculoskeletal System

2. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. The Skeleton Skeleton has two divisions Axial skeleton head, neck, spine, bone, chest, trunk Appendicular skeleton pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, upper extremities, lower extremities http://education- portal.com/academy/lesson/the-skeletal- system-function-and-terms.html#lesson http://education- portal.com/academy/lesson/the-skeletal- system-function-and-terms.html#lesson

3. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Axial Skeleton-The Skull Is divided into two parts Cranium Facial bones Protects brain, eyes, ears, nasal cavity, and oral cavity Attachment for muscles of chewing and turning the head

4. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Axial Skeleton-Cranium Frontal – 1 Forehead Parietal – 2 Upper sides and roof of skull Temporal – 2 Sides & base of skull

5. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Axial Skeleton-Cranium Sphenoid – 1 Part of floor of skull Occipital – 1 Back & base of skull Major Bones of the Skull: Names and Location - Free Anatomy & Physiology Video

6. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Axial Skeleton-Facial Bones Mandible – 1 Lower jawbone Maxilla – 1 Upper jawbone Zygomatic – 2 Cheek bones

7. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Axial Skeleton-Facial Bones Nasal – 2 Part of nasal septum and bridge of nose Lacrimal – 2 Inner corner of eye http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/bones- of-the-face-names-function-location.html#lesson

8. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Figure 4.5 – Bones of the skull.

9. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Axial Skeleton-Hyoid Bone Single U-shaped bone In neck between mandible and larynx Attachment point for swallowing and speech muscles

10. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Classwork Using Chapter 4 of the Blue Textbook, fill out the diagrams from the handouts. Axial Skeleton-pg. 86 Appendicular Skeleton-pg. 89 Divisions of Vertebral Column-pg. 88 Structure of the Rib Cage pg. 88 Pectoral Girdle and upper extremities- pg. 90 Pelvic Girdle and lower extremities- pg. 91

11. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Axial Skeleton-The Trunk Vertebral column Sternum Rib cage

12. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Axial Skeleton-The Vertebral Column Divided into five sections Cervical- 7 Thoracic -12 Lumbar -5 (lowback) Sacrum- 5 fused at base of spine Coccyx-3-5 attached to sacrum.

13. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Axial Skeleton-The Rib Cage 12 pairs of ribs Attached to vertebral column at back Provides support for organs, such as heart and lungs

14. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Axial Skeleton-The Rib Cage True ribs 7 pairs attached to sternum in front False Ribs 3 pairs Floating ribs Inferior 2 pairs No attachment in front http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/bones-of-the- vertebral-column-and-ribs-definition-and-function.html#lesson

15. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Appendicular Skeleton Includes bones of: Pectoral girdle Upper extremity Pelvic girdle Lower extremity

16. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Pectoral Girdle Attaches upper extremity to axial skeleton Articulates with: Sternum anteriorly Vertebral column posteriorly Consists of: Clavicle – collar bone Scapula – shoulder blade

17. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Upper Extremity Arm Consists of: Humerus – upper arm Ulna – part of forearm Radius – part of forearm Carpals – wrist bones Metacarpals – hand bones Phalanges – finger bones

18. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Figure 4.9 – Anatomical and common names for the pectoral girdle and upper extremity.

19. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Pelvic Girdle Also called os coxae, innominate bone, or hipbone Attaches lower extremity to axial skeleton Articulates with sacrum posteriorly Consists of: Ilium Ischium Pubis

20. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Lower Extremity Leg Consists of: Femur – thigh bone Patella – knee cap Tibia – shin bone Fibula – lower leg bone Tarsals – ankle bones Metatarsals – foot bones Phalanges – toe bones

21. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Figure 4.10 – Anatomical and common names for the pelvic girdle and lower extremity.