1. DO NOW: What does it mean when a product says it’s pure? For example, Tropicana says it is “pure orange juice”.

2. PURE SUBSTANCES 1. Made up of one kind of material 2. Can either be elements or compounds  Element – composed of one type of atom. Ex) Oxygen, Hydrogen, Chlorine  Compounds – contain more than one type of atom bound together in a fixed ratio. Ex: water (H 2 O), sugar (C 12 H 22 O 11 ), salt (NaCl)

3. MIXTURES 1. Contain more than one pure substance mixed together in various proportions. 2. Substances do NOT combine chemically 3. Distinct parts

4. 4. Mixtures can occur in any physical state a) liquid state: salt-water, hot chocolate b) gaseous state: air c) solid state: alloys (brass), dry soup mix, salad

5. 1. HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE Components are not uniformly spread out. Three types: a. Colloids b. Suspensions c. Liquid to Liquid

6. A) COLLOIDS 1. Components do not settle out of mixture. 2. The particles cannot be separated by filter paper 3. Refract Light (Light cannot pass through) 4. Examples: milk, gelatin, paint

7. B) SUSPENSIONS 1. Components settle down (larger particles fall to the bottom based on density) 2. They can be separated by filter paper 3. Example: muddy water, salad dressings, fruit juices

8. C) LIQUID TO LIQUID 1. Happens when 2 liquids are immiscible (can not mix together) Ex: oil and water 2. Some can stay together with help from an emulsifier (makes the particle stay together) 8 Mayonnaise has an emulsifier to hold the ingredients together

9. 2. HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE a) Particles are uniformly spread out b) They cannot be seen even with a microscope c) Known as miscible (mix together) d) They never settle out of mixture. e) Examples: salt water, sugar water, kool-aid

10. RECAP Matter (Has mass and occupies space) Pure Substances (Definite composition) Mixtures (Variable composition) Element (Only one kind of atoms) Compound (More than one kind of atoms) Homogeneous (Evenly mixed) Heterogeneous (Unevenly mixed)

12. VIRTUAL LAB