1. Blood Sugar Regulation

2. Remember me!? Why does your body need this molecule? How is it used?

3. What behaviours increase blood sugar?

4. What behaviours decrease blood sugar?

5. Blood Glucose is regulated by… A negative feedback loop!

6. Why is this important? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bfd- 61SecEIhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bfd- 61SecEI Homeostasis= between 3.6 and 5.8 Millimoles/Litre Extreme fluctuations above or below can have extreme consequences

7. Hyperglycemia Blood sugar level = too high Eye damage Kidney damage Nerve damage

8. Hypoglycemia Blood Sugar = too low Impaired mental functioning Loss of consciousness Brain damage

9. When Blood Glucose is too HIGH: Recognized by the Islets of Langerhans in the Pancreas

10. Insulin is released from the beta cells Insulin causes the liver to convert more glucose to glycogen (Glycogenesis)

11. Glycogen: A polymer that may contain thousands of glucose molecules that can be stored for future use

12. Insulin also binds to the receptors on cells, increasing glucose absorption Storage and Absorption of glucose lead to homeostatic glucose levels.

13. When Blood Glucose is too LOW: Recognized by the Islets of Langerhans in the Pancreas

14. When Blood Glucose is too LOW Glucagon released from alpha cells Glucagon signals liver to convert glycogen into glucose (glycogenolysis) Blood sugar levels rises

15. Feedback Loop:

16. Diabetes: Type 1 Auto-immune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas How would this affect someone’s blood sugar levels?

17. Diabetes Type 2- Adult Onset Characterized by high glucose and insulin- resistance Obesity is thought to be the primary cause of type 2 diabetes