1. 1 Advanced Biochemistry 高等生化學 Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids 陳威戎

2. 2 1. Some Basics 2. Nucleic Acid Structure 3. Nucleic Acid Chemistry 4. Other Functions of Nucleotides Outline

3. Structure of nucleotides

5. Major purine bases of nucleic acids

6. Major pyrimidine bases of nucleic acids

7. Conformations of ribose

9. Deoxyribonucleotides of nucleic acids

10. Ribonucleotides of nucleic acids

11. Nucleotide and nucleic acid nomenclature

12. Some minor purine and pyrimidine bases

14. Some adenosine monophosphates

15. Phosphodiester linkages in the covalent backbone of DNA and RNA

16. Hydrolysis of RNA under alkaline conditions

17. Tautomeric forms of uracil

18. Schematic representation of nucleotide sequence

19. Absorption spectra of common nucleotides

20. Hydrogen-bonding patterns in the base pairs defined by Watson and Crick

22. The Avery-Macleod-McCarty experiment

23. The Hershey-Chase experiment

24. X-ray diffraction pattern of DNA

26. Watson-Crick model for the structure of DNA

27. Complementarity of strands in the DNA double helix

28. Replication of DNA as suggested by Watson and Crick

29. Structural variation in DNA

30. Comparison of A, B, and Z forms of DNA

32. Palindromes and mirror repeats

33. Hairpins and cruciforms

34. DNA structures containing three of four DNA strands- Hoogsteen pairing Hoogsteen pairing

35. DNA structures containing three of four DNA strands- Guanosine tetraplex

36. DNA structures containing three of four DNA strands- H-DNA

37. Prokaryotic mRNA

38. Typical right-handed stacking pattern of single-stranded RNA

39. Secondary structure of RNAs

40. Base-paired helical structures in an RNA

41. Three-dimensional structure in RNA

42. Reversible denaturation and annealing (renaturation) of DNA

43. Heat denaturation of DNA

44. Partially denatured DNA

45. DNA hybridization

46. Some well-characterized nonenzymatic reactions of nucleotides

48. Formation of pyrimidine dimers induced by UV light

49. Chemical agents that cause DNA damage

51. Alkylating agents- dimethylsulfate

52. DNA sequencing by the Sanger method

55. Strategy for automating DNA sequencing reactions

56. Chemical synthesis of DNA

61. Nucleoside phosphates

62. The phosphate ester and phosphoanhydride bonds of ATP

63. Some coenzymes containing adenosine

66. Three regulatory nucleotides