1. JAXB The Java Architecture for XML Binding Notes taken from the JAXB User’s Guide from Sun Microsystems

2. JAXB Like SAX and DOM in that the application developer does not have to parse the XML Unlike SAX and DOM it is tied to a particular document schema Fast like SAX In memory representation like DOM but without all the general tree manipulation facilities

3. JAXB An XML Document is an instance of a schema A Java object is an instance of a class JAXB reads a schema and produces a class Currently, the only schema supported is the Document Type Definition (DTD)

4. JAXB Augments the standard DTD by providing type conversion : 100.00 With JAXB we can make sure that Java converts this to a BigDecimal automatically

5. The Binding Schema JAXB requires that we use a DTD AND a “Binding Schema” The Binding Schema is an XML document JAXB DTD Binding Schema.java file(s) javac.class files javac

6. The Binding Schema The binding schema contains instructions on how to bind a schema to classes. It might say that : –this attribute (in the XML document) should be treated as an int –this element’s content is a BigDecimal –this element’s content is a String –this element should be treated as a class –and so on …

7. Running JAXB C:\McCarthy\www\95-733\examples\jaxb>java -jar D:\jaxb\jaxb-1.0-ea\lib\jaxb-xjc-1.0-ea.jar -help Usage: xjc [ ] [ -d ] [ -roots ] Options: -d Specify the destination directory for the Java output -roots Designate one or more root elements (comma separated) -version Print the compiler's version number and exit -help Print this message and exit

8. Book.xml The Catcher in the Rye J.D. Salinger If you really want to hear about it...

9. Book.dtd

10. A minimal binding schema Book.xjc

11. Run JAXB C:\McCarthy\www\95-733\examples\jaxb>java -jar D:\jaxb\jaxb-1.0-ea\lib\jaxb-xjc-1.0-ea.jar book0.dtd book.xjc.\Book.java C:\McCarthy\www\95-733\examples\jaxb>

12. Resulting Book.java file import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import javax.xml.bind.ConversionException; import javax.xml.bind.Dispatcher; import javax.xml.bind.InvalidAttributeException; import javax.xml.bind.LocalValidationException; import javax.xml.bind.MarshallableRootElement; import javax.xml.bind.Marshaller; import javax.xml.bind.MissingContentException; import javax.xml.bind.RootElement; import javax.xml.bind.StructureValidationException; import javax.xml.bind.UnmarshalException; import javax.xml.bind.Unmarshaller; import javax.xml.bind.Validator; import javax.xml.marshal.XMLScanner; import javax.xml.marshal.XMLWriter;

13. public class Book extends MarshallableRootElement implements RootElement { private String _Title; private String _Author; private String _Chapter; public String getTitle() { return _Title; } public void setTitle(String _Title) { this._Title = _Title; if (_Title == null) { invalidate(); }

14. public String getAuthor() { return _Author; } public void setAuthor(String _Author) { this._Author = _Author; if (_Author == null) { invalidate(); } public String getChapter() { return _Chapter; } public void setChapter(String _Chapter) { this._Chapter = _Chapter; if (_Chapter == null) { invalidate(); }

15. public void validateThis() throws LocalValidationException { if (_Title == null) { throw new MissingContentException("title"); } if (_Author == null) { throw new MissingContentException("author"); } if (_Chapter == null) { throw new MissingContentException("chapter"); } public void validate(Validator v) throws StructureValidationException { }

16. public void marshal(Marshaller m) throws IOException { XMLWriter w = m.writer(); w.start("book"); w.leaf("title", _Title.toString()); w.leaf("author", _Author.toString()); w.leaf("chapter", _Chapter.toString()); w.end("book"); } public void unmarshal(Unmarshaller u) throws UnmarshalException { XMLScanner xs = u.scanner(); Validator v = u.validator(); xs.takeStart("book"); while (xs.atAttribute()) { String an = xs.takeAttributeName(); throw new InvalidAttributeException(an); }

17. if (xs.atStart("title")) { xs.takeStart("title"); String s; if (xs.atChars(XMLScanner.WS_COLLAPSE)) { s = xs.takeChars(XMLScanner.WS_COLLAPSE); } else { s = ""; } try { _Title = String.valueOf(s); } catch (Exception x) { throw new ConversionException("title", x); } xs.takeEnd("title"); } if (xs.atStart("author")) { xs.takeStart("author"); String s; if (xs.atChars(XMLScanner.WS_COLLAPSE)) { s = xs.takeChars(XMLScanner.WS_COLLAPSE); } else { s = ""; }

18. try { _Author = String.valueOf(s); } catch (Exception x) { throw new ConversionException("author", x); } xs.takeEnd("author"); } if (xs.atStart("chapter")) { xs.takeStart("chapter"); String s; if (xs.atChars(XMLScanner.WS_COLLAPSE)) { s = xs.takeChars(XMLScanner.WS_COLLAPSE); } else { s = ""; } try { _Chapter = String.valueOf(s); } catch (Exception x) { throw new ConversionException("chapter", x); } xs.takeEnd("chapter"); }

19. xs.takeEnd("book"); } public static Book unmarshal(InputStream in) throws UnmarshalException { return unmarshal(XMLScanner.open(in)); } public static Book unmarshal(XMLScanner xs) throws UnmarshalException { return unmarshal(xs, newDispatcher()); } public static Book unmarshal(XMLScanner xs, Dispatcher d) throws UnmarshalException { return ((Book) d.unmarshal(xs, (Book.class))); }

20. public boolean equals(Object ob) { if (this == ob) { return true; } if (!(ob instanceof Book)) { return false; } Book tob = ((Book) ob); if (_Title!= null) { if (tob._Title == null) { return false; } if (!_Title.equals(tob._Title)) { return false; } } else { if (tob._Title!= null) { return false; }

21. if (_Author!= null) { if (tob._Author == null) { return false; } if (!_Author.equals(tob._Author)) { return false; } } else { if (tob._Author!= null) { return false; } if (_Chapter!= null) { if (tob._Chapter == null) { return false; } if (!_Chapter.equals(tob._Chapter)) { return false; }

22. } else { if (tob._Chapter!= null) { return false; } return true; } public int hashCode() { int h = 0; h = ((127 *h)+((_Title!= null)?_Title.hashCode(): 0)); h = ((127 *h)+((_Author!= null)?_Author.hashCode(): 0)); h = ((127 *h)+((_Chapter!= null)?_Chapter.hashCode(): 0)); return h; }

23. public String toString() { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("<<book"); if (_Title!= null) { sb.append(" title="); sb.append(_Title.toString()); } if (_Author!= null) { sb.append(" author="); sb.append(_Author.toString()); } if (_Chapter!= null) { sb.append(" chapter="); sb.append(_Chapter.toString()); } sb.append(">>"); return sb.toString(); }

24. public static Dispatcher newDispatcher() { Dispatcher d = new Dispatcher(); d.register("book", (Book.class)); d.freezeElementNameMap(); return d; }

25. A Driver Program // demo JAXB import java.io.*; public class TestJaxb { public static void main(String args[]) throws java.io.FileNotFoundException, javax.xml.bind.UnmarshalException, java.io.IOException { DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream( new BufferedInputStream( new FileInputStream(args[0]))); DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream( new FileOutputStream(args[1]));

26. // read in the book Book catcher = Book.unmarshal(in); // change its title catcher.setTitle("Gone With The Wind"); // write out the book catcher.marshal(out); }

27. Compile and Run C:\McCarthy\www\95-733\examples\jaxb>javac Book.java C:\McCarthy\www\95-733\examples\jaxb>javac TestJaxb.java C:\McCarthy\www\95-733\examples\jaxb>java TestJaxb book.xml out.xml

28. Out.xml Gone With The Wind J.D. Salinger If you really want to hear about it...