1. Warm-up 1.List 2 ways the North and South were different. 2.List 2 court cases that promoted Nationalism and tell about the cases. 3.List 2 compromises Henry Clay was involved in and tell about each. 4.List 2 reform movements and tell about each.

2. The Mexican American War Objective: Students will understand Manifest Destiny and Expansion as it relates to the Mexican American War.

3. Manifest Destiny Manifest Destiny - belief that the U.S. had the right to all the land between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans

6. Mexican Independence Spain controlled Mexico for 300 years Mexico wins independence from Spain (1821) – Mexico has difficulty governing vast lands – Native Americans becoming a major problem

7. Mexico 1821

9. Mexico Invites US Settlers Mexico allows Americans to lease land under certain conditions – Must follow Mexican Laws; Slavery illegal – Must practice Catholicism Stephen Austin- “Father of Texas” led first legal colonization Tensions grow between Mexico and US – More Americans than Mexicans – Americans ignore set conditions

10. 1821-1830 Mexico invites US Settlers 1821 Mexican Independence

11. US Offers to Buy Texas As the number of Americans in Texas increases… John Quincy Adams offers Mexico $1 million Andrew Jackson offers Mexico $5 million Mexico refuses & regrets encouraging white settlers

12. Mexico Closes Border Mexico closes border in 1830 Places import tax on US Goods Santa Anna becomes leader of Mexico in 1834 Small rebellions begin in Texas 1835

13. 1821-1830 Mexico invites US Settlers 1821 Mexican Independence

14. Texas Revolution and The Alamo Santa Anna leads Mexican military in Texas – 187 Texans die (Jim Bowie, Davy Crockett) Texas declares its independence during the Battle of the Alamo

15. 1821-1830 Mexico invites US Settlers 1821 Mexican Independence

16. Battle of San Jacinto & Treaty of Velasco Texan – Sam Houston defeats Santa Anna at the Battle of San Jacinto – shouts of “Remember the Alamo” – killed 630 Mexicans in 18 minutes Treaty of Velasco gives Texas independence

17. Remember the Alamo

18. 1821-1830 Mexico invites US Settlers 1821 Mexican Independence

19. Texas Annexed by US Sam Houston elected President of Texas in 1836 – Texas becomes “Lone Star Republic” Houston asked the US to annex Texas (1838) – Slavery / Sectionalism is the issue Texas becomes the 28 th State (1845) – Mexico furious and moving toward war

20. 1821-1830 Mexico invites US Settlers 1821 Mexican Independence

21. Dispute over the Rio Grande President Polk sends John Slidell to Mexico – purchase California and New Mexico – establish border at Rio Grande River Mexico refuses to talk with Slidell General Zachary Taylor sent to block Rio Grande River U.S. declared war on Mexico-1846, after annexing Texas

22. Gen. Zachary Taylor Gen. Santa Anna * First battle of the war.

23. 1821-1830 Mexico invites US Settlers 1821 Mexican Independence

25. Attitudes Toward War South: In favor – extend slavery – increase power in Congress North: Against – viewed as plot to extend slavery

26. Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo- 1848  Mexico gave up claims to Texas above the Rio Grande River  Mexico gave the U. S. California and New Mexico  U. S. gave Mexico $15,000,000

27. Forty-Niner’s Head to California Discovery of gold in California – Sutter’s Mill (1848) – Gold Rush (1849)

28. Gadsden Purchase, 1853 U.S. purchases southern New Mexico and Arizona from Mexico for $10 million U.S. wants to build a transcontinental railroad Finalizes the borders of the continental U.S.

29. Gadsden Purchase

30. By the end of the mid-1800s, the claim of “manifest destiny” has been fulfilled…

31. Manifest Destiny