1. Supporting Students with Special Needs Promoting Students’ Learning From the Textbook By Ivan Cisneros

2. Introduction A textbook is required 75% of the time in a classroom, and is required 90% of the time during homework time. Most textbooks used during these grade levels are expository. Some textbooks are not very well written and are difficult to understand. In 2007, Yan found that Chinese students were performing better in word-problem solving than American students.

3. Using Graphic Organizers Used to connect ideas whether they have been seen before or is part of new material. One of the top 6 most helpful strategies for students with ELNs. Examples include flow charts, Venn diagrams, cycles, and many more. Graphic organizers can also be used before reading the text, this helps make the material much more understandable.

4. Graphic Organizers in Math Vocabulary charts Flowcharts that organize steps taken to solve a problem Venn diagrams to compare and contrast concepts Pie charts and bar graphs to show statistics

5. Text Structure Teaching text structures to students with ELN helps them have a better understanding of what the textbook is explaining. Authors each structure their books in different manners. Five of these structures are: Main Idea List Order Compare-contrast Classification

6. Accessible Digital Textbooks Digital audio books Large-print e-books Braille textbooks May help students with pronunciation of difficult words. Textbooks used in school are required to be published in digital format by law. Digital Textbooks are available for free or at reduced prices for qualifying students.

7. Vocabulary Vocabulary is important in order to understand material presented in textbooks. Students with ELN usually have poor vocabulary and will most likely fall behind due to the books being too advanced. In order to help students with ELN, teachers can go over the new words before beginning the reading assignment. Preteaching includes: definitions, examples, nonexamples, and graphic organizers. Go over the new definitions multiple times in order for students to grasp onto the meanings. Here are a few good Ideas to use when working With new vocabulary: https://youtu.be/5Y00Oe-cODw

8. Classroom Groups Grouping students with ELN with other students can help when learning new material. 2 ways to do this Mainstreaming Immersion Students with and without ELN may benefit from this. Reading can be done in groups followed by a short discussion.

9. Teaching How to Read a Textbook Reading the textbook in front of the class While doing this the teacher points out what students should be looking for in the text, and what should be written down. Allows students see how they should be reading the text outside of class. Will also help students who have trouble pronouncing certain words. This helps students with ELN and the other students as well.