1. Middle Kingdom New Kingdom chapter 4 sections 3 & 4 2100 to 1786 B.C.

2. Middle Kingdom Government officials took over Egypt because they were jealous of Pharaoh's power Government officials took over Egypt because they were jealous of Pharaoh's power Egypt in a state of confusion for 200 years Egypt in a state of confusion for 200 years New pharaohs restore order and peace to Egypt New pharaohs restore order and peace to Egypt New pharaohs have less power than under the old kingdom New pharaohs have less power than under the old kingdom

3. Middle Kingdom Pharaohs no longer buried in pyramids, they were buried in tombs cut out of cliffs Pharaohs no longer buried in pyramids, they were buried in tombs cut out of cliffs Egyptians start trading with countries beyond Nile River Egyptians start trading with countries beyond Nile River Middle Kingdom period ends in 1786 B.C. when Egypt is successfully invaded Middle Kingdom period ends in 1786 B.C. when Egypt is successfully invaded

4. Middle Kingdom Hyksos are invaders from western Asia Hyksos are invaders from western Asia Have horse drawn chariots that allow them to cross the desert Have horse drawn chariots that allow them to cross the desert Used weapons made of bronze and iron Used weapons made of bronze and iron Egyptians easily defeated because they fought on foot and had weapons of copper and stone Egyptians easily defeated because they fought on foot and had weapons of copper and stone

5. Middle Kingdom Hyksos were not popular with the Egyptians- they resented being controlled by foreign powers Hyksos were not popular with the Egyptians- they resented being controlled by foreign powers Hyksos had greater skills in warfare and weapons than the Egyptians did Hyksos had greater skills in warfare and weapons than the Egyptians did Hyksos ruled in Egypt for 150 years Hyksos ruled in Egypt for 150 years

6. Middle Kingdom 1550 B. C. an Egyptian rebellion drove the Hyksos out of Egypt 1550 B. C. an Egyptian rebellion drove the Hyksos out of Egypt Egyptians, as result of being ruled by another nation, became more aggressive to their neighbors, expanded their borders, and developed a well trained army to protect them. Egyptians, as result of being ruled by another nation, became more aggressive to their neighbors, expanded their borders, and developed a well trained army to protect them.

7. Middle Kingdom Other changes brought about during this time: Other changes brought about during this time: Worship of Ra (sun god) fell away Worship of Ra (sun god) fell away Osiris became the most popular god in Egypt Osiris became the most popular god in Egypt Used bronze Used bronze Loom to make cloth Loom to make cloth Used humpbacked cattle to help with farming Used humpbacked cattle to help with farming The shadoof was developed and used to help with irrigation The shadoof was developed and used to help with irrigation

8. New Kingdom When Ahmose drove the Hyksos out of Egypt- the New Kingdom began around 1550 B.C. When Ahmose drove the Hyksos out of Egypt- the New Kingdom began around 1550 B.C. During this time Egypt grew in wealth and cities grew larger During this time Egypt grew in wealth and cities grew larger Egyptian empire develops during this period- Egyptian control spreads into Syria and Palestine Egyptian empire develops during this period- Egyptian control spreads into Syria and Palestine

9. New Kingdom Hatshepsut- Hatshepsut- Woman Pharaoh of Egypt Woman Pharaoh of Egypt She built temples and established trade along the eastern coast of Africa She built temples and established trade along the eastern coast of Africa Traded for objects such as ebony, monkeys, hunting dogs, leopard skins, incense Traded for objects such as ebony, monkeys, hunting dogs, leopard skins, incense

10. New Kingdom Worship of New Gods- Worship of New Gods- Capital city of Thebes- city that worshiped Amon Capital city of Thebes- city that worshiped Amon Egyptians combined Amon with Ra and a new god was formed Amon-Ra- most powerful god of all Egyptians combined Amon with Ra and a new god was formed Amon-Ra- most powerful god of all Temples were more than houses of worship- industrial centers, and schools Temples were more than houses of worship- industrial centers, and schools

11. New Kingdom Scribes wrote religious spells, charms, and prayers Scribes wrote religious spells, charms, and prayers Several kinds of writing- most prominent was Hieroglyphics (pictures stand for words or sounds) Several kinds of writing- most prominent was Hieroglyphics (pictures stand for words or sounds)

12. New Kingdom The priests of Amon-Ra gained power and wealth, owned 1/3 of Egypt’s land and had a role in the government The priests of Amon-Ra gained power and wealth, owned 1/3 of Egypt’s land and had a role in the government The pharaoh's power began to decline The pharaoh's power began to decline Akhenaton closed temples of Amon-Ra and set up a new religion of worship of 1 god Aten (the sun disc) Akhenaton closed temples of Amon-Ra and set up a new religion of worship of 1 god Aten (the sun disc) This religion was not widely accepted by all Egyptians This religion was not widely accepted by all Egyptians

13. New Kingdom Tutankhamen (Tut) became pharaoh and reestablished the old religion. Tutankhamen (Tut) became pharaoh and reestablished the old religion. He was pharaoh for 9 years until he died mysteriously He was pharaoh for 9 years until he died mysteriously

14. New Kingdom Egypt lost power because of the struggle between the priests and the pharaohs Egypt lost power because of the struggle between the priests and the pharaohs Egypt was unable to keep neighboring countries under their control Egypt was unable to keep neighboring countries under their control Money was spent on war Money was spent on war Other countries were using iron for weapons and Egypt had no iron ore resources so they had to spend money to make these weapons Other countries were using iron for weapons and Egypt had no iron ore resources so they had to spend money to make these weapons

15. New Kingdom By 1150 B.C. Egypt’s empire is gone By 1150 B.C. Egypt’s empire is gone Egypt was taken over by the Assyrians in 671 B.C. Egypt was taken over by the Assyrians in 671 B.C.