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Frankenstein Mary Shelley
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Biography of Mary Shelley Mary Shelley was the daughter of William Godwin and Mary Wollstonecraft. Both were very involved in the community and were important literary and social movers of the day!!! She married the famous poet, Percy Shelley, at the young age of 17. When she eloped without her father’s permission, her father disowned her and had nothing to do with her for the rest of his life. Her mother died shortly after her birth, so she grew up without a female influence on her life (notice this in the novel)
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Creation of Frankenstein Her first solo grew quite innocently out of idle conversation between Lord Byron and another friend during a visit to Lake Geneva in 1816. Lake Geneva is located in Switzerland and this is the main setting in Frankenstein. Mary Shelley and her family would visit here every summer and spend much time with famous literary people.
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Creation Story Continued To pass the time, the friends would create stories and share them with everyone. Mary Shelley created the short horrific tale of the creation of a monster; and with her husband’s encouragement, this developed into her greatest work, Frankenstein. Frankenstein was published in 1818 when Mary Shelley was only 19!!!!
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Classification of Frankenstein Gothic Novel Tragic novel Science Fiction Horror Classic
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Traits of Gothic Novel Emphasis on the historical past Supernatural elements Horror/grotesque images Fantasy The surreal/mystery Themes of death/horror Dreams Overplay of emotions
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Traits of Gothic Novel Setting in a castle An atmosphere of mystery and suspense An ancient prophecy Omens, portents, visions Supernatural or otherwise inexplicable events
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Traits of Gothic Novel High, even overwrought emotion Women in distress Women threatened by a powerful, impulsive, tyrannical male Metonymy of gloom and horror Vocabulary of the gothic
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Romanticism 1798-1832 Movement contrary to Enlightenment and Industrialization which emphasized how man’s reason and logic can improve society Emphasized the importance of the individual, subjectivity, imagination, and expression of emotions
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Romanticism During the Romantic period, a journey to find one’s self through nature, isolation, and meditation Natural science should lead to discovery Could be a physical journey or a mental, psychological, or spiritual one
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Themes Man should not interfere with the work of God Dangers of technology (Brave New World) Loneliness and the human need for companionship Departure from nature Fear of childbirth
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Themes Continued Isolation from society Role of religion and fate Absence of mother-figure
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Paradoxes Frankenstein abhors his own creation after he spends so much time in the creation of the beast. Creation vs. creator: Frankenstein allows his creation to control him.
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Allusions to Title Prometheus – In Greek mythology, he was a titan who created man in the image of the gods – Stole the gift of fire from Mt. Olympus and gave it to man – Punished by Zeus and chained to a rock on a mountain. Every day for 30 years, Zeus’ eagle would eat his liver
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Important Information Frankenstein is the name of the family in the novel, not the name of the beast. The original title of the novel was Frankenstein-The Modern Prometheus-Who is this??? The beast in the novel is a great example of an anti-hero. You will feel sorry for him and probably like him a whole lot better than Victor!!!
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Literary Terms to Know Paradox Gothic Romanticism Symbolism Allusions Point of View
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Characters Victor Frankenstein Elizabeth Caroline Beaufort Henry Clerval Alphonse Frankenstein William Frankenstein Robert Walton
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Characters Continued Justine Moritz Delacey family Professors Waldman and Krempe
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Extra Information A lot of Mary Shelley’s life directly relates to the novel. She experienced a lot of tragedy in her life so she knows what she is talking about. Her mother dies when she is young; her father disowns her; Percy Shelley dies in tragic boating accident; all of her children except a couple die in early youth
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The Journal See handout!!!! Literary Journal-descriptive of themes with lots of textual support!!! No plot summary-deep and rich analysis!!
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Things I forgot!! Remember the Circular Journey!! Point of view/flashbacks The Letters by Robert Walton Define Romanticism!!!
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