1. People

2. Leonardo daVinci

3. Michelangelo

4. William Shakespeare

5. Erasmus

6. Abraham/Moses

7. Jesus of Nazareth

8. Muhammad

9. Siddhartha Gautama

10. Asoka

11. Martin Luther

12. John Calvin

13. Henry VIII

14. Queen Elizabeth I

15. Cardinal Richelieu

16. Jan Huss, John Wycliffe

17. Gutenberg

18. Prince Henry the Navigator

19. Vasco de Gama

20. Christopher Columbus

21. Hernando Cortez

22. Francisco Pizarro

23. Ferdinand Magellan

24. Francis Drake

25. Jacques Cartier

26. Shah Jahan

27. Nicolaus Copernicus

28. Johannes Kepler

29. Galileo Galilei

30. Isaac Newton

31. William Harvey

32. Louis XIV

33. Peter the Great

34. James I --- Charles I

35. Oliver Cromwell

36. Charles II

37. James II

38. William and Mary

39. Thomas Hobbes

40. The Leviathan (1651) Argued that all humans were naturally selfish and wicked Believed in a powerful government to control people from their own natural, brute state of nature Without government to keep order, life would be “poor, nasty, and short.” Thomas Hobbes

41. John Locke Wrote The Two Treatises on Government (1690) The human mind at birth is like a blank tablet (tabula rasa) on which the environment write the individual’s understandings and beliefs. All people are born with three natural rights: Life Liberty Property People form gov’t to protect their natural rights Influenced Thomas Jefferson’s “Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness”

42. Montesquieu Wrote On the Spirit of the Laws (1748) Montesquieu called this separation of powers which he felt should be separated into 3 branches:  Legislative  Executive  Judicial

43. Jean-Jacques Rousseau Wrote The Social Contract (1762) Believed people were naturally good; Evils of society corrupted peoples natural goodness Only good government was one freely formed by the people and guided by the “general will” of society – a direct democracy The good of the community as a whole should be placed above the individual

44. Voltaire Believed in religious tolerance, freedom of religion and freedom of speech Separation of church and state was extremely important Philosopher

45. Johann Sebastian Bach Famous composer during the Enlightenment. German, 1685-1750 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6JQm5aSj X6g http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6JQm5aSj X6g

46. Wolfgang Mozart Famous composer during the Enlightenment. Austria, Holy Roman Empire, late 1700s http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rb0UmrC XxVA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rb0UmrC XxVA

47. Miguel de Cervantes Famous author during the Enlightenment – wrote Don Quixote The main character in his novel is tall, thin Don Quixote. He is a older gentleman (Don means "Sir" in Spanish) and a dreamer. Although the age of knights is past, Quixote dresses up in rusty armor and mounts his tired, old horse, Rocinante. He sets off to perform acts of chivalry in the name of his love, Dulcinea. He takes with him short, stout Sancho Panza. Sancho is an ordinary farmer who rides a mule, but Don Quixote sees him as his faithful squire.

48. Eugene Delacroix Famous artist during the Enlightenment.

49. Maximiliem Robespierre

50. Napoleon

51. Toussaint L’Ouverture

52. Father Miguel Hidalgo

53. Simon Bolivar

54. Count Cavour

55. Giuseppe Garibaldi

56. Otto von Bismarck

57. James Hargreaves

58. James Watt

59. Eli Whitney

60. Henry Bessemer

61. Edward Jenner

62. Louis Pasteur

63. Adam Smith

64. Karl Marx

65. Archduke Franz Ferdinand

66. Kaiser Wilhelm II

67. Woodrow Wilson

68. Tsar Nicholas II

69. Vladimir Lenin

70. Joseph Stalin

71. Benito Mussolini

72. Adolf Hitler

73. Emperor Hirohito

74. Hideki Tojo

75. Franklin D. Roosevelt

76. Neville Chamberlain

77. Winston Churchill

78. George C. Marshall

79. Douglas MacArthur

80. Dwight D. Eisenhower

82. Harry S. Truman

83. Mao Zedong

84. Chiang Kai-shek

85. Ho Chi Minh

86. Deng Xiaoping

87. Margaret Thatcher

88. Mikhail Gorbachev

89. Mohandas Gandhi

90. Jawaharlal Nehru

91. Indira Gandhi

92. Jomo Kenyatta

93. Nelson Mandela

94. Golda Meir

95. Gamal Abdul Nasser

96. Osama bin Laden

97. George W. Bush