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Published byRandolph Jordan Modified over 8 years ago
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WHAT MAKES US HUMAN?
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Read for understanding: It is tempting to take notes as you are reading the first time, but this is not an efficient technique: you are likely to take down too much information and simply copy without understanding Look for main ideas, key terms, people, or places Paraphrase this information: Putting the textbook information in your own words forces you to become actively involved with the material Review and compare
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Australopithecus Earliest hominids Southern/Eastern Africa Homo erectus Emerged 1.5 million years ago First complex tool maker Homo sapiens Neanderthals (What happened to them?) Early homo sapiens (aka Cro- Magnons) Modern Homo sapiens (all people today) By 10,000 B.C.E. found everywhere Five fossilized human skulls show how the shape of the early human face evolved: (left to right) Australopithecus africanus, 2.5 million years old; H*** rudolfensis, 1.9 million years old; H*** erectus, 1 million years old; H*** heidelbergensis, 350,000 years old; H*** sapiens, 4,800 years old
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PUSH FACTORSPULL FACTORS Lack of resources Change in climate Conflict with other hominids Too many hominids in social group Factors can be voluntary or involuntary More game or food available Better weather
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http://youtu.be/9JvNwEMXLD8 http://youtu.be/9JvNwEMXLD8
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Bipedalism (walking upright on two legs) Opposable Thumb Large Brains 5 point molars Tools Culture
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Earliest tools/weapons were made of stone, bone, wood Stone arrowheads Stone axes Bone needles Bone fishing hooks Clubs and spears
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POSITIVENEGATIVE Allowed humans to cut wood, hides, and bone Led to better clothing, shelter, and food Helped protect humans from other animals Fishing, sewing, hunting Reduction of animal populations Extinction of some animals Weapons that will kill animals can also kill other people
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WHY and WEAR? No evidence of clothing until Paleolithic Age (Stone Age) May have developed as humans moved northward (cause & effect) First clothes were furs, hides, plant material that was tied or draped around the body
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Early humans made makeshift shelters from plants or wood Often they lived in large caves
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Hunting (spears and arrows) Fishing (spears and bone hooks) Gathering (edible plants and nuts)
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If you’d like to see what you might look like as an early human, there is a downloadable app called Meanderthal from the Smithsonian Institute!
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