1. Am I Surface Water Scientist ? Specific to Hydrology, water shed, pollution but not limnology Specific to Hydrology, water shed, pollution but not limnology Skill towards Environmental Innovations & contribution to this emerging science Skill towards Environmental Innovations & contribution to this emerging science Water quality to aquatic life, agricultural use and recreation & aesthetic purpose Water quality to aquatic life, agricultural use and recreation & aesthetic purpose

2. Aerobic Submerged Attached Growth Bioreactor: A Suitable Device for Intermediary Wastewater Treatment

3. Specific Objectives: To assess the organic matter degradation efficiency under different solids and salinity proportions in wastewater. To assess the organic matter degradation efficiency under different solids and salinity proportions in wastewater. To evaluate ammonia nitrogen removal capability under submerged condition of bioreactor. To evaluate ammonia nitrogen removal capability under submerged condition of bioreactor. To find out relation between bacterial intensity and the degree of waste removal. To find out relation between bacterial intensity and the degree of waste removal.

4. Experimental setup for the different particle size experiments

5. Experimental setup for the material comparison experiments

6. : Initial conditions of MCE (stone, glass & tire) experiment Experiment-1Experiment-2Experiment-3 COD (mg/L)227521904465 BOD (mg/L)3307601506 NH 3 -N (mg/L)30210001730 Packed bed depth (cm)7590 Bacterial Density (cfu/ml)2.3 * 10 4 19.2 * 10 4 300 * 10 4 Total solids (mg/L)24001040015200 Total suspended solids (mg/L)26200985 Electrical Conductivity (  S/m) 6060950013500 Hydraulic loading (m 3 m -2 d -1 )2.04.0

7. Measuring parameters and instruments Measured parametersMeasuring instruments Dissolved oxygenDO meter of model OM-51 Chemical oxygen demand COD vial and Lambda 20 Spectrometer Ammonia-nitrogenNH 3 -N electrode (5002-10C) with multi-meter model D-53 Total dissolved solidOven Total Suspended solidVacuum extractor and Oven Electrical conductivityConductivity meter of model ES-51 pHpH p H electrode (6066-10C) with multi-meter Biomass weightElectronic balance Bio-film thicknessDigital caliper Air flow supply Aerator Wastewater flow supplySmall submergible pump

8. Sample of prepared agar for culturing bacteria

9. CFU sample collection

10. Bio-oxidation of organic matters in recirculation process

12. Nitrification trends in recirculation process

13. Bacterial performance in recirculation process

16. Overall performance in Third Cycle experiments COD%BOD%NH3-N%HC%TS%CFU 10 4 EC Initial value4465150617301501520030013500 Mixed tire53.9597.1795.5347.0215.30 Large tire52.8698.4185.0131.9017.43 Medium tire56.6797.7979.1729.3718.91 Small tire55.0499.1290.3440.8715.63 Crumb tire52.3198.5075.44100.0013.65 Mean54.6398.1287.5137.2916.82 STDEV1.60.87.08.21.7 Stone55.397.696.822.4 Glass55.098.793.122.6 Tire55.698.681.323.8 Mean55.3198.2990.3922.97 STDEV0.30.68.10.8

25. Conclusion Aerobic submerged bioreactor has been proved to be a potential device for secondary treatment of wastewater. Aerobic submerged bioreactor has been proved to be a potential device for secondary treatment of wastewater. The rate of remediation of wastewater depends on the intensity of bacterial growth. The rate of remediation of wastewater depends on the intensity of bacterial growth. High salinity retards the remediation process i.e. the bacterial growth. High salinity retards the remediation process i.e. the bacterial growth.

26. Conclusion The experimental results indicate that spherical shaped. i.e. the small size tire chips are better for bio- remediation for landfill leachate treatment than rectangular shape. The experimental results indicate that spherical shaped. i.e. the small size tire chips are better for bio- remediation for landfill leachate treatment than rectangular shape. In submergence bioreactor clogging rate is slower than trickling filter and clogging can be eliminated through backwashing. In submergence bioreactor clogging rate is slower than trickling filter and clogging can be eliminated through backwashing.