1. EEE 2056 Physical Electronic Graphene and its application
Name : Tan Wan Jia
ID :
Major : Electronic

2. What is Graphene?
In Year 2004, the first crystal of graphene was found
Found by using an ordinary scotch tape - used to clean a graphite stone.
The man who first discovered graphene : Kostya Novoselov and Andre Geim
Noble Prize for Physics 2010
First material which is two dimensional in the world
It is a single layer of Graphite (pure crystalline carbon) 
It is also a hexagonal array of sp2- bonded carbon atoms
Andre Geim
Graphite
-ene
Graphene
Kostya Novoselov

3. Draw and describe the structure of Graphene.
crystalline structure with honey-comb lattice (hexagonal lattice)
2-dimentional crystalline allotrope of carbon.
One-atom thick planar sheet of carbon atoms
Zero band gap semiconductor with 2 linearly dispersing bands

4. Properties of Graphene
Strongest compound : times stronger than steel
Thinnest nanomaterial : described as a “one-atom thick layer of graphite”
Bendable and Stretchable : stretching can up to 20% of its original length
Excellent conductor of heat and electricity : heat conductivity can conduct up to 3000W/(m k) and electron mobility of graphene can up to about cm2/V

5. Zero-overlap semimetal : Electrons move much quicker in graphene
Perfect barrier : not even helium can pass through it
Versatile : properties are founded when graphene is combined with other elements
Transparent material : it absorbs only 2% of light that passes through
Light weight : 0.77 milligrams per square metre

6. What Graphene can do?
Superconductor : graphene can conduct electricity with almost no resistance
Ultrasensitive gas sensors : boron atoms in graphene lattice will interact with ammonia and nitrogen oxide molecules and this can sense the dangerous gaseous
Improved lithium ion batteries : increasing the lifespan of lithium ion battery
Doped into a transistor , make it smallest transistor : will not be using any metal or dielectric-stacked gate (graphene junction field-effect transistor (G- FET))

7. Barrier : water filtration - improve agriculture and pharmaceutical
Photonic devices : allow the dispersion of low energy band structure in zero electron rest mass
operational wavelength is broader than mid-infrared wavelength
higher speed due to its wavelength is boarded
flexibility, lightness and transparency
Barrier : water filtration - improve agriculture and pharmaceutical
Medical industries : transportation of medicine systems, tissue engineering and biological agents
Microstructure geometries such as pillars : 3D shape can be use in bio-sensing devices which can be used in conforming human skin and other biological systems

8. THE END Is Graphene dangerous?
toxic to human body in cellular levels : has sharp edges and easily pierce any kind of cell membrane in our body
damage to the entire respiratory system
hazardous in non-watery areas
THE END