1. WEEK 10: SCIENCE AND DISCOVERIES

2. Agenda 1. Photos 2. Lesson 3. Movie 4. Discussion

3. Around the World 1.Please walk around the room and briefly skim/ read at least 4 articles (spend about 5 min on each) 2.When you’re done reading, write a 1-2 sentence summary on what is occurring in that country on the corresponding spot on your handout 3.Move onto another country/ article and repeat!

4. 1)What comes to mind when you think of global warming? 2)Do you think human activity is responsible for global warming? 3)When did you first become aware of global warming? 4)Do you think all countries are taking global warming seriously? 5)What most concerns you about global warming? 6)Do you think you have already experienced the effects of global warming? 7)How will global warming change our lives? 8)How does combatting global warming affect the poorer countries? 9)Is your government doing enough to combat global warming? 10)What single action should the world take to reduce the dangers of global warming?

5. WAIT…WHAT IS GLOBAL WARMING?

6. The sun sends out energy as heat and light. This energy comes to our earth during the day time. Some of the sun’s rays get ‘trapped’ in the atmosphere. Some of them get reflected back into space. The ones which get through the atmosphere warm the earth up.

7. All the time, the earth radiates heat into space, which cools it down. We only really notice this at night, when there is no heating from the sun. Some of the heat going out is trapped by the atmosphere. This is what makes our planet warm enough to live on. But if too much heat is trapped, our planet will warm up and the climate will change.

8. What is the atmosphere and why does it trap heat? The atmosphere is the air around the surface of the earth. It is made from a mixture of gases. We need it for animals and plants to survive. Some of the gases act like a blanket, trapping heat. These gases are called ‘greenhouse gases’. This is known as the ‘Natural Greenhouse Effect’. Without it, the earth would be much colder. (the atmosphere is really much thinner than it looks above)

9. So why is global warming happening? (the atmosphere is really much thinner than it looks above) Some things that people do are increasing the amounts of the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, so more heat is trapped. The heating of the earth through human activities is called the ‘Enhanced Greenhouse Effect’ and this is causing the earth to heat up, or global warming. Global warming doesn’t just mean that the earth gets hotter, it means that the whole climate is changing.

10. Natural Greenhouse effect More heat is trapped and causes global warming Atmosphere traps some heat Some heat goes out to space Quite a lot of heat is trapped and the earth is warm enough for life. Enhanced Greenhouse effect Heat radiates from the earth Atmosphere has more greenhouse gases Atmosphere traps more heat Less heat goes out to space

11. Which gases in the atmosphere trap heat? The atmosphere is made of 78% Nitrogen and 21% Oxygen. But these gases don’t trap heat and cause global warming or climate change. What % of the atmosphere is left? The gases which trap heat make up less than 1% of the atmosphere! They are called the ‘greenhouse gases’. The main greenhouse gases are: Carbon dioxide Methane Nitrous oxide Ozone Water vapour Halocarbons Human activity increases the amount of these gases in the atmosphere

12. How do humans increase carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere? Burning fossil fuels releases the carbon dioxide stored millions of years ago. Most of the increased carbon dioxide comes from fossil fuels Deforestation releases the carbon stored in trees. Less trees also means less carbon dioxide can be removed from the atmosphere.

13. How do humans increase methane levels in the atmosphere? The amount of methane in the atmosphere has increased by two and a half times since the Industrial Revolution. Increased rubbish in landfill Increased livestock farming Increased rice growing Methane is also released when fossil fuels are extracted Methane is produced when bacteria rot organic matter

14. WAIT…WHAT THE ARGUMENT OVER GLOBAL WARMING?

15. 1. Exxon Mobile spent $31m 1998-2014 on the think tanks running climate denial campaigns specifically aimed at undermining the very science that Exxon's own scientists were studying – why do you think that is?$31m 1998-2014 2. Republican lawmakers have vowed to block the billions of dollars that President Barack Obama has pledged to help developing nations adapt to climate change, and polls show American opinion on the need for a climate deal largely split along party lines – why do you think this is? 3. Ninety-seven percent of climate scientists agree that humans are causing global warming – why/how are people denying it? 4. "if you're a conservative who believes the world runs best when businesses operate in a "free market" with little government interference, then the chances are you don't think human-caused climate change represents a significant risk to human civilisation.“ – what does this mean?

16. An Inconvenient Truth