1. Khorasan Regional Electric Company Ministry of Energy of Iran
Overview of IEC61850
Khorasan Regional Electric Company
Ministry of Energy of Iran
Presented By:
Davood Mohammadi Souran
November 8th.2012

2. Agenda
Evolution of Protection and Control Systems
Overview of IEC Standard
Key Benefits of IEC 61850

3. Evolution of Protection and Control System

4. Typical Substation Diagram

5. Substation Network - Past

6. Conventional Wiring in Electrical Substation

7. Conventional Substation P & C System

8. Conventional Substation Control Panel

9. Substation Network - Present

10. Present Substation P & C System Still a lot of copper wiring !

11. Substation Network - Future

12. The Future – Digital Switchyard

13. Modern Substation Automation HMI

14. 20KV Single Line Diagram Ashkhane

15. General Single Line Diagram Ashkhane

16. Overview of IEC 61850 Standard

17. Comprehensive EPRI-Project UCA 2.0
GOAL: One International Standard
IEC 61850
IEC , -103, -104
European experience

18. What is IEC ?
IEC is NOT just a communication protocol
It is a suite of multiple protocols
It is an application focused communication architecture
It is one of the key building blocks for the Smart Grid
IEC standard defines complete communication architecture in Electrical Power System

19. IEC61850 Substation Architecture
MU = Merging Unit MU
PT1
Optical CT
PT2
CT2 PT
Relay
MU Publishes
V/I/Status
Datasets
Relay(s)
Subscribe to
I/O
Station Bus -
10/100/1000 MB Ethernet
Process Bus
.1/1/10GB
Ethernet
Clk1
Clk2
Remote
Access
Network
IED

20. Parts of IEC Standard

21. IEC61850 – Primary Parts
Part 6-1: Substation Configuration Language (SCL)
Part 7-2: Abstract Communications Service Interface (ACSI) and base types
Part 7-3: Common Data Classes (CDC)
Part 7-4: Logical Nodes
Part 8-1: Specific Communications Service Mappings (SCSM) - MMS & Ethernet
Part 9-2: SCSM - Sampled Values over Ethernet
Part 10-1: Conformance Testing

22. SCL – Substation Configuration Language IEC61850-6-1
Description language for communication in electrical substations related to the IEDs
XML based language that allows a formal description of
Substation automation system and the switchyard and the relation between them
IED configuration
Communication parameters
Eases the integration process of devices from multiple vendors

23. CID: Configured IED Description. XML configuration for a specific IED.
SCL File Types
SSD: System Specification Description. XML description of the entire system.
SCD: Substation Configuration Description. XML description of a single substation.
ICD: IED Capability Description. XML description of items supported by an IED.
CID: Configured IED Description. XML configuration for a specific IED.

24. System Specification Description ( SSD )
Description the single line diagram and the substation automation functionaly using the associated logical nodes
Single line diagram connections
Logical nodes , Logical node type

25. IED Capability Description ( ICD )
logical devices , logical nodes , logical node types
data sets
control blocks

26. System Configuration Description ( SCD )
Single line diagram
Communication network
IED configurations
Binding information ( e.g. trip matrix )

27. Configured IED Description ( CID )
Created by the IED configuration tool from the .SCD file
Includes the device-specific configuration data
Use of the .CID file to configure the IED is optional

29. ACSI Abstract Communications Service Interface
Abstract interface describing communications between a client and a remote server for:
real-time data access and retrieval,
device control,
event reporting and logging,
file transfer
Defines a set of Objects

30. ACSI Abstract Communications Service Interface
This part of IEC may also be applied to describe device models and functions for additional activities, such as:
substation to substation information exchange,
substation to control centre information exchange,
power plant to control centre information exchange,
information exchange for distributed generation, or
information exchange for metering.

31. Logical nodes

32. Logical Nodes
A named grouping of data and associated services that is logically related to some power system function.
dddXCBR1
Logical Node Instance #
Logical Node Name per
IEC (breaker)
Optional Application Specific Prefix

33. IEC61850-7-4 Logical Nodes Name Description Axxx
Automatic Control (4). ATCC (tap changer), AVCO (volt. ctrl.), etc.
Cxxx
Supervisory Control (5). CILO (Interlocking), CSWI (switch ctrl), etc.
Gxxx
Generic Functions (3). GGIO (generic I/O), etc.
Ixxx
Interfacing/Archiving (4). IARC (archive), IHMI (HMI), etc.
Lxxx
System Logical Nodes (2). LLN0 (common), LPHD (Physical Device)
Mxxx
Metering & Measurement (8). MMXU (meas.), MMTR (meter.), etc.
Pxxx
Protection (28). PDIF, PIOC, PDIS, PTOV, PTOH, PTOC, etc.
Rxxx
Protection Related (10). RREC (auto reclosing), RDRE (disturbance)..
Sxxx
Sensors, Monitoring (4). SARC (archs), SPDC (partial discharge), etc.
Txxx
Instrument Transformer (2). TCTR (current), TVTR (voltage)
Xxxx
Switchgear (2). XCBR (breaker), XCSW (switch)
Yxxx
Power Transformer (4). YPTR (transformer), YPSH (shunt), etc.
Zxxx
Other Equipment (15). ZCAP (cap ctrl), ZMOT (motor), etc.
Wxxx
Wind (Set aside for other standards)
Oxxx
Solar (Set aside for other standards)
Hxxx
Hydropower (Set aside for other standards)
Nxxx
Power Plant (Set aside for other standards)
Bxxx
Battery (Set aside for other standards)
Fxxx
Fuel Cells (Set aside for other standards)

34. Logical Node Description - XCBR
SPS
Mandatory/Optional
Common Data Class
Description
Data Name

35. Single Point Status (SPS) CDC (e.g. loc)
stVal
Attribute
Name
Mandatory/
Optional
Type
Range of
Values
Functional
Constraint

36. Relay1/XCBR1$ST$Loc$stVal
Object Name Structure
Relay1/XCBR1$ST$Loc$stVal
Logical Device
Logical Node
Functional Constraint
Data
Attribute

37. Mapping logical nodes, classes, and data concepts to the real world

38. Logical nodes

39. GOOSE messages Time critical data eg. trip, block, interlock, etc.
Tripping of switchgear
Starting of disturbance recorder
Providing position indication for interlocking

40. GOOSE messages

41. GOOSE Usage for Interlocking & Tripping

42. IEC 61850 GOOSE Device to multi-device communication
Fast transmission of substation events, blocking, permissive signals, etc.
Also transmission of analog values ( voltage, current, frequency, etc.)
Event driven transmission sent on change of state
Interlocking
Indication

43. GOOSE Example – False Bus Differential

44. IEC Architecture

45. Relay to Relay Applications
Peer to Peer messaging

46. Legacy Architecture

47. Legacy Architecture
Requires N*(N-1)/2 links for N relays.
Reprogramming can require rewiring.
Requires filtering on links to prevent false trips.

48. IEC 61850 Network Architecture

49. IEC 61850 Network Architecture
Relays share a common network making sophisticated protection schemes possible.
Number of links for N relays is N and shared with SCADA.
Relays send their status to all other relays at once using GOOSE.
Status exchanged continuously.
High performance.

50. Benefits Reduction of wiring costs
More flexible programming is independent of wiring
Reliability: Link status known before use.
New capabilities not cost-effective with hardwired systems.
Higher performance with more data.

51. Hardwired Performance

52. Network Performance

53. Justification

54. Transducer Interfaces

55. Legacy Approach

56. Legacy Approach
Individually and redundantly wired to all devices needing the same signals:
CTs
PTs
Status Inputs
Outputs
Each individual sensor must be calibrated and maintained separately.
Incremental cost is exponential (signals x devices)
Result is minimization of I/O

57. IEC61850 Approach

58. IEC Process Bus
Transducer and I/O signals are shared via a network.
Only one transducer or I/O point per signal.
Minimization of calibration and maintenance.
Incremental cost is linear (signals only)
Future: Integrated MU with digital fiber optic transducers

59. Justification

60. Benefits of IEC61850
High-level services enable self-describing devices & automatic object discovery saving $$$$$ in configuration, setup and maintenance.
Standardized naming conventions with power system context eliminates device dependencies and tag mapping saving $$$$ in config., setup, and maintenance.
Standardized configuration file formats enables exchange of device configuration saving $$$$ in design, specification, config., setup, and maint.

61. Benefits of IEC61850
Higher performance multi-cast messaging for inter-relay communications enables functions not possible with hard wires and save $$$$ in wiring and maintenance.
Multi-cast messaging enables sharing of transducer (CT/PT) signals saving $$$$ by reducing transducers and calibration costs.

62. Question?