1. Day 36: English Literature 1.Panoramic senior photo reminder: Wednesday 2.Gulliver’s Travels creative writing assignment due block day 3.A closer look at the Puritans: John Bunyan (p. 532) and his allegory “Vanity Fair” from Pilgrim’s Progress p. 534-37 4.Review Romanticism via PowerPoint (add to the notes you took over p. 698-705) 5.Homework: Read William Wordsworth “A Few Lines Composed Above Tintern Abbey” p. 786- 792 English Lit – Periods 1 & 5

2. Learning target: S S tudents will understand 1.Swift’s use of parody and satire 2. The use of allegory in a Puritanical work Learning target: S S tudents will understand 1.Swift’s use of parody and satire 2. The use of allegory in a Puritanical work

3. Puritan: from the late 16 th -early 18 th century, this was a term that described a number of Protestant faiths. “Pure soul and a pure life”: Puritanism was a type of religious belief, not a specific church denomination. They were united by the belief that all existing churches had been corrupted by the pagan cultures and distorted by the power vested in kings and popes. – Puritanical movement in American Literature also (remember, they emigrated here for religious freedom) Arthur Miller’s The Crucible Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter What is a Puritan?

4. Puritans believed that common church practices needed purification. This was only possible through strict belief in and interpretation of the Bible. They believed that if you worked hard, you would get to heaven. Pointless enjoyment was frowned upon. During this time, Sunday became a very special day, where unnecessary work could be punished by law. What is a Puritan?

5. Oliver Cromwell, during his leadership, thought he was living correctly, and all people should follow his example. To keep their minds on religion, instead of having feast days that were common during the time, one day/month became a fast day. Make-up was banned, as were colorful dresses. What is a Puritan?

6. Christmas had become a holiday of celebration and enjoyment, and Cromwell wanted to return the focus to the birth of Jesus rather than eating and drinking. Decorations and Christmas feasts were banned. If cooked goose was smelled on the streets, there could be trouble. Cromwell had hatred for the Irish Catholics and wanted to “tame” them. He promised to treat those Irish who surrendered to his forces well, but slaughtered two areas of people who did just that. What is a Puritan/Oliver Cromwell

7. Irish children were sent to the West Indies to work on sugar plantations. Cromwell knew several would die, but at least they couldn’t grow into adults and have more children. Cromwell’s rule came to an end in 1658. After Charles II became king, Cromwell’s body was exhumed and put on a trial as a traitor and charged with regicide (murder of a King). He was found guilty and his body hanged publicly. His head was then displayed in London for many years. Oliver Cromwell

8. Puritan: John Bunyan Page 532 Very basic education, but went on to write more than 15 books. Writes The Pilgrim's Progress, the most widely read prose work of the seventeenth century. Puritan who joined a nonconformist Puritan church and started studying the Bible. While in his 20s, became one of England’s best known non-conformist preachers.

9. Conflicted with the Quakers. After the Puritan government dissolved, he hit hard times. Arrested for preaching without a license Spent 12 years in prison for refusing to renounce his faith. Released from prison at 44. Returned to preaching. Arrested four years later and imprisoned for his beliefs. Finished The Pilgrim’s Progress in prison, and this later became a masterpiece of the plain English prose style. John Bunyan: Page 532

10. Vanity: Excessive pride in or admiration of one’s own appearance or achievements. Allegory Allegory: A story in which almost all the characters, settings, and events are symbols that represent abstract ideas. Purpose is to teach a moral lesson. Basic story: Christian is on a pilgrimage (trip) to the Celestial City (symbolic for ??). He meets Faithful, who decides to join him. They must pass through the town of Vanity. – Names are not accidental…what do you think they symbolize? John Bunyan’s: “Vanity Fair” from Pilgrim’s Progress

11. NOT hearts and flowers and smooches Words to describe: Emotional, Emo, brooding, dark, complex, bizarre, Goth, Gothic Think Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, NOT Hallmark

12. The Romantic Movement: 1750-1837 Criticized the stiff, formal diction of 18 th century poetry. Utilized simple, conversational language. Fascinated by extreme physical sensations and mental states. Valued and showed vivid expressions of feeling and emotion in writing. Wanted to rid English poetry of formality and artificiality. Major influences: Wars and political unrest, including the American and French Revolution, Latin American Revolution, Napoleonic Wars Industrial Revolution: Economy shifted from farming and handmade goods to manufacturing and machines with industrialized factories. People struggled greatly.

13. The Romantic Movement: 1750-1837 Suspicious of Enlightenment view of nature. Believed true enlightenment came not from a book, but from nature. Scenery, wilderness, interest in the natural state of people. Wanted to reduce the emphasis on reason by focusing on their instincts and the power of the imagination. Poets sought to bring about reform, turning formal, public verse to personal, spontaneous, lyric poetry.

14. The Romantic Movement: 1750-1837 Romantic view is an idealistic view of society and change. Involves a childlike fascination and wonder. Utilizes and praises the imagination Views nature and the human mind as mirroring each other’s creative properties. Simple, natural language to deal with commonplace subjects, yet expresses powerful emotion and feelings. Describes a past or inner dream world that was more picturesque than the industrial age they lived in. Gothic style involves wild, unpredictable desolate and melancholy aspects to bring about spiritual awareness.