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TRANSPORTATION COMMUICATION METHODS OF PRODUCTION world.org/Industrial%20Intro.htm Essential question: How did new ideas similar to Enlightenment.

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Presentation on theme: "TRANSPORTATION COMMUICATION METHODS OF PRODUCTION world.org/Industrial%20Intro.htm Essential question: How did new ideas similar to Enlightenment."— Presentation transcript:

1 TRANSPORTATION COMMUICATION METHODS OF PRODUCTION http://history- world.org/Industrial%20Intro.htm Essential question: How did new ideas similar to Enlightenment ideas bring about social and technological change during the Industrial Revolution?

2 An era in which fundamental changes occurred in production, transportation, social structure, and economy. http://www2.needham.k12.ma.us/nhs/cur/Baker_00/2002_p7/ak_p7/childlabor. html

3 http://inventors.about.com/od/indrevolution/a/AgriculturalRev.htm

4 http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/yjada/article/S 0002-8223%2895%2900300-2/abstract http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info%3Adoi %2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1000363

5 Steam WaterWater Coal James Watt’s steam engine The production of coal to create iron Richard Arkwright’s water frame http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Efq-aNBkvc

6 Why Britain? Location: natural ports and traversable rivers- provided water power and transportation of goods Natural Resources: coal to power steam engines, lots of iron to make machines Population: a large ready workforce wanted jobs to meet raised demands Demand: raised demand for new useful inventions and machines Money: capital had grown, entrepreneurs wanted to invest it Stable Govt.: supported economic growth, made no river tolls, built sturdy navy to protect the empire, shipping, and overseas trade http://history.knoji.com/why-did-the-industrial-revolution-begin- in-great-britain/

7 Boom of the http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Textiles.htm

8 Factory System http://www.powershow.com/view/16400e-MDYyN/Factory_System_flash_ppt_presentation http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/IRpunishments.htm  Machines became too large and expensive for people to have in homes as a result, large buildings are created to house them.  Women who worked in factories got half the pay of what men would receive for working in factories  People would work from dawn till dusk  Children would start working in factories around age five For the first time people worked for a wage had to travel to their jobs!

9 Sewing machine – Invented by Elias Howe in 1846 to sew more efficiently Bridge – Invented by Abraham Darby in 1779 for easier and quicker transportation Anesthetic – Invented by an American dentist, used between 1830 and 1855 to prevent pain Flying shuttle – Invented by John Kay for faster weaving in 1733 http://www.timetoast.com/timelines/inventions-of-the-industrial-revolution-1800-1920

10 First steam locomotive was invented by George Stephenson in the early 1800s to create faster transportation of goods and not have to follow a water source. http://inventors.about.com/od/sstartinventor s/a/Stephenson.htm The cotton gin was thought up by Eli Whitney to make the separation of seeds and cotton quicker for workers. It was patented in 1794. http://www.eliwhitney.org/new/sites/default/files /minisites/cotton/patent.html Iron smelting was a way of separating the metal from its ore and into a useable substance. Iron was then used for many projects such as bridges. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u9scwvePHDc The water frame, created by Richard Arkwright, was a machine that could make thicker, sturdier cotton thread at a faster pace. It was powered by water. It was patented in 1759. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dOA5op2dAkg

11 Social Impact  Urbanization  New social classes emerge  Middle class thrived and lived comfortably because they owned industries  Working class struggled in harsh working conditions with small wages  Poor women and children had the most dangerous jobs Click here to watch a video about the social effects of urbanization during the Industrial Revolution

12 Were paid little to no money. Worked twelve to fourteen hour days with minimum break time. Targeted orphaned children for factory work. Worked very dangerous jobs in terrible working conditions. http://www2.needham.k12.ma.us/nhs/cur/Baker_00/2002_p7/ak_p7/childlabor.html Many were injured on the job, and some were even killed.

13  Early in the 19 th century labor unions were outlawed  The underground labor unions worked to reduce work hours, improve factory conditions, increase pay, and obtain benefits for unskilled laborers  Many strikes – not always successful! http://hd.housedivided.dickinson.edu/node/36595

14 The Methodist Church Founded by John Wesley in 1739 Founded in the belief that people must use logic and reason when it comes to faith Workers of the Industrial Revolution found comfort with Methodism as they lost connections with their old churches “Do all the good you can. By all the means you can. In all the ways you can. In all the places you can. At all the times you can. To all the people you can. As long as ever you can.”- John Wesley http://gbgm- umc.org/umw/wesley/shorthistory.stm

15  Secret union of textile workers  Machines deprived them of jobs  No political power to vote for change  Smashed machines and burned factories  Gained widespread support from the working class  Neo-Luddites oppose any modern technology More information

16 Mercantilism http://education.wallstreetsurvivor.com/Give-Capitalism-Another-Shot

17 Thomas MalthusDavid Ricardo Beliefs Poverty unavoidable Population increasing faster than food supply Discouraged charitable handouts and vaccinations Published An Essay on the Principle of Population Beliefs Opposed government help for the poor Poverty unavoidable Wage increases were futile Both believed that the best cure for poverty was not government but the unrestricted “laws of the free market.” Thomas Malthus Video David Ricardo Video

18 “The only purpose for which power can rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will is to prevent harm to others.” http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/utilitarianism-history / “It is the greatest good to the greatest number of people which is the measure of right and wrong.” “All punishment is mischief; all punishment in itself is evil.”

19 Socialism grew out of the Enlightenment faith in progress and human nature and its concern for social justice. Socialism was used to end poverty and injustice. Under Socialism, people operated the means of production. Means of production, the farms, factories, railways, and other large businesses that produced and distributed goods. Socialists established communities in which all work was shared and all property was owned in common. http://science.jrank.org/p ages/8088/Socialism.html

20  Successful mill owner who refused to use child labor, campaigned for laws that limited child labor and encouraged the organization of labor unions  Set up model community in New Lanark, Scotland to show and put his ideas into practice and later moved to his community to New Harmony, Indiana  Reduced working hours, built homes for workers, started a school for children, and opened a company where workers could buy food and clothes  Showed that an employer could be payed well and have a decent life and working conditions and they could still run a profitable business http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/owen.htm l "What ideas individuals may attach to the term "Millennium" I know not; but I know that society may be formed so as to exist without crime, without poverty, with health greatly improved, with little, if any misery, and with intelligence and happiness increased a hundredfold: and no obstacle whatsoever intervenes at this moment except ignorance to prevent such a state of society from becoming universal".

21 Communism Upper Class is brought down Lower class is brought up Everyone becomes middle class Money is taken from the rich and redistributed to the poor, leveling social classes Communist government is lead by a small group which holds absolute power over politics and the economy An adaptation of the ideas of Karl Marx Why doesn’t it work? Since everyone is equal, workers loose incentive to work and the country ceases to progress Why doesn’t it work? Since everyone is equal, workers loose incentive to work and the country ceases to progress For more on communism click herehere


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