1. : Bellwork Why were Europeans so eager to adopt Christianity after the fall of the Roman Empire?

2. Introduction to the Middle Ages (Chapter 9, section 1)

3. Essential Questions 1.How did break down of Roman empire effect creation of Germanic kingdoms in Europe? 2.What were the Germanic kingdoms of Europe like? 3.What was the role of the church during this time?

4. When were the Middle Ages? 1.Occurred from about 500-1500 A.D. 2.Sometimes called Dark Ages. 3.Signified emergence of European civilization. 4. Characterized by blended influences of Germanic tribes, Roman legacy, and Christian church.

5. Transforming the Roman World Read pages 302-303 and answer the following questions for this section on your worksheet. Baptism of Clovis

6. Transforming the Roman World Describe the Germanic people and what they did? -Occupied lands in Europe after Western Roman Empire fell. -Set up new states ruled by Germanic Kings. Why were the Franks the most influential Germanic people? -Clovis united several of the Germanic Kingdoms under his rule. -Converted most people under his rule to Christians. Why do you think the Catholic church was so eager to work with Clovis? -Powerful ally of Germanic tribes. -Spread Christian beliefs.

7. Clovis’s Frankish Kingdom.

8. Germanic Society Read page 304 and answer the following questions for this section on your worksheet. Trial by Ordeal

9. Germanic Society Why did the family unit become even more important? -No strong central government to establish laws or be loyal to. -Family was central to survival. No help from government. -Crimes were seen as being against the family, not the state. Compare Roman court system to the Germanic? -Rome: Studied evidence and demanded proof. Crimes were against society, not personal. - Germanic: Crime against family causes feuds. Avoided by paying wergild (fine). -Germanic people used trial by ordeal. Poison, hot oil, battle.

10. The Role of the Church Read pages 304-306 and answer the following questions for this section on your worksheet. Pope Gregory

11. The Role of the Church How did the chaos from the fall of the Western Roman Empire help strengthen the Catholic churches influence? - System of Roman law and order broke down. -Church became strongest uniting power in society. Helps all. -No matter where you are every church run the same, provides only sense of social stability. Why were monks and nuns so important to medieval society? -Took vow of poverty and chastity and obedience to help others, set example. -Provided shelter, food, medicine, education, etc. to the community -Good deeds helped spread acceptance of religion and sense of community. Why do you think the vows they took were necessary and were they effective? -Limit greed, set example. -Pope still had tremendous power.

13. Layout of Medieval Churches

14. Carolingian Empire Read pages 306-307 and answer the following questions for this section on your worksheet. Charlemagne and his Scholars

15. Carolingian Empire What was the background of Charlemagne? -Fierce fighter -Christian, converted all people in lands he captured. -Seen as highly intelligent, valued learning. May have been illiterate. Why was his coronation as a Roman emperor so significant? - Symbolized the joining of Roman, Germanic, and Christian ideas. -Demonstrated power of Pope in that he could name an emperor. What were his most important legacies? - United Western Europe for the first time since the Romans -Created one empire and a central Authority. -Created an intellectual renaissance. Great works were copied and he promoted learning.