1. 中国学习者英语笔语中的 词块能力研究 许家金 中国外语教育研究中心 北京外国语大学

2. Lexical Chunks in Chinese Learners ’ Writing (WECCL) Xu Jiajin Beijing Foreign Studies University

3. 3 Interpretations Contents How to extract chunks in WS4? Comparisons of chunks Chunks Other areas of collocation

4. 4 chunk 词块 http://home.henannu.edu.cn/fl/clweek/p ujz/chunks.ppt Chunk/lexical bundle/n-gram/multi- word unit (expression)/formulaic sequence/prefabs Cluster ( 词丛 ) in WordSmith

5. 5 Why is lexical chunk important? Break language into units on a probabilistic basis Recurrent Psychologically real

6. 6 Why is lexical chunk important? Form-function composite Can we build the entire edifice of language solely on lexical chunks? If not, what are the bricks & mortar of language?

7. 7 Lexical grammar Lexico-grammar Pattern grammar Construction grammar Collostruction etc

8. 8 Research question Are there any differences of chunk use between Chinese learners of English and NNS? What are some of the possible underlying reasons?

9. 9 Lexical chunk extraction in WS4 Step 01 Cluster in [Concord]: Focusing on individual words WS4 中词块的自动提取

10. 10 Lexical chunk extraction in WS4 Step 02 Cluster in [WordList] Indexing corpus data before computing cluster WS4 中词块的自动提取

11. 11 Lexical chunk extraction in WS4 Step 03 How to index a corpus? 1. [Settings-Index] First assign a name to the text(s) to be indexed 2. [Make/Add to Index] Then index the selected text(s).tokens and.types pair WS4 中词块的自动提取

12. 12 Step 04 Extracting clusters in WordList [WordList-Open] *.tokens [Compute-Clusters] [File-Save]/[File-Save As]

13. 13 2-8 word cluster list 多词词表 of WECCL and LOCNESS weccl index 2-word clusters … weccl index 6-word clusters locness index 2-word clusters … locness index 6-word clusters

14. 14 Step 05 keyword list generation to test for chunk over- and under-use significance [Keyword list] － [New] Reference corpus Chi-square test 卡方检验 Log likelihood 对数拟然检验 Keyness p value ≤.05

15. 15 类似研究 管博、郑树堂， 2005 ，中国大学生英 语口语 Small Words 的研究，《外 语教学与研究》第 6 期。

16. 16 Other tools for extracting lexical chunks Kfngram William Fletcher √ Collocation Extraction C-ngram N-gram PhraseExtract Tom Cobb ’ s Page PIE: Phrase in English Fletcher

17. 17 A quick summary Chunk defined How to extract chunks from a corpus with WS4 How to compare chunks with keyword Interpretation

18. 18 A bibliography of chunk research Aspects of collocation study

19. 19 www.ddyyx.com/wqf.rar../lmc.rar../wlf.rar../xjj.rar www.corpus4u.com Thank you!

20. Lexical _JJ Chunks _NN2 in _II Chinese _JJ Learners ’ _NN2 Writing _NN1 Xu Jiajin ustcxujj@sina.com