1. pagina 1 RECS Lessons learned Peter Niermeijer General Secretary RECS (Ecofys NL)

2. pagina 2 Outline presentation n Who is behind RECS? n Key issues  Harmonisation certificate systems  Harmonisation demand side certificate market  Trade aspects  Climate change aspects

3. pagina 3 Who is behind RECS? n Stakeholders are:  Market players  Consumers (industry, commerce and domestic)  National and European political stakeholders  Non-governmental environmental organisations n 150 members from 18 countries n All of EU except (Portugal), Greece and Luxembourg n …..also USA, Australia, Japan and New Zealand…. n …..interest expressed from 44 other countries n Supported by EC n No-one, no organisation, no country dominates n Chaired by Italy (was Netherlands, then Germany)

4. pagina 4 Structure of the RECS Group Presidium RECS Bureau Members National teams Trade Group Association of Issuing Bodies PR & Comms Governmental group

5. pagina 5 Key issues

6. pagina 6 Certificate system Harmonisation systems Supply Demand IB : Issuing Registration Redeeming electricity market certificate market

7. pagina 7 Certificate System Central monitoring office Nr. xxx Issuing/Registration/Redeeming verification / auditing Issuing Body Supply nr. xxx Demand

8. pagina 8 No Harmonisation: Incompatible Systems nr. xxx Supply Demand Central monitoring office Redeeming verification / auditing Issuing Body DK nr. xxx Supply Demand Central monitoring office Redeeming verification / auditing Issuing Body NL nr. xxx Supply Demand Central monitoring office Redeeming verification / auditing Issuing Body N x x x

9. pagina 9 Compatible Systems nr. xxx Supply Demand Central monitoring office Redeeming verification / auditing Issuing Body DK nr. xxx Supply Demand Central monitoring office Redeeming verification / auditing Issuing Body NL nr. xxx Supply Demand Central monitoring office Redeeming verification / auditing Issuing Body N Association of Issuing Bodies Basic Commitments (harmonisation / standardisation) Verification / Auditing

10. pagina 10 What can you do with RECS?

11. pagina 11 NL: Ecotax exemption After redeeming certificates Voluntary Green Tariff (NL) Supply Demand IB : Issuing Registration Redeeming electricity market certificate market

12. pagina 12 Only Wind Certificates Green labeling Supply certificate market electricity market IB: Issuing Registration Redeeming Demand Supplier with green label e.g. Only Wind

13. pagina 13 Government Redemption account Mandatory systems Supply electricity market IB: Issuing Registration Redeeming Demand Obligation: Suppliers (UK) Producers (Italy) End users (DK) certificate market

14. pagina 14 Redemption account Grid company Feed in systems electricity market Supply IB: Issuing Registration Redeeming Demand Grid company Germany Feed in Tariff Or: Fixed price certificate market

15. pagina 15 NL: RECS certificates accepted by tax authorities in future Import green energy Supply certificate market electricity market IB: Issuing Registration Redeeming Demand RECS forum or Governmental meeting Transfer of certificate

16. pagina 16 Summarizing n Voluntary green tariffs n Green labeling n Mandatory systems n Feed in laws n Import and export n Certificate of origin (art. 5 RES Directive) n Monitoring

17. pagina 17 Key issue: trade aspects n Legal status of a certificate n Size of certificate: MWh n Different eligibility in countries n Different validity dates n Variety in products: wind, hydro, solar, etc n Different penalties n National targets n Banking and borrowing n Market places: price index?

18. pagina 18 Climate change n Concept of the jewel box  Is the certificate traded?  How much CO2 was in it?  Are you allowed to take it out?  Trade between companies or ‘parties’ n Does it fit in Kyoto mechanism?  Building registries  CDM/JI

19. pagina 19 RECS strategy national certificate systems national RE quota CO 2 - effects (inter) national trade

20. pagina 20 Some remarks 1. Creating certificate systems is one thing, 2. Buying certificates is an other thing  Who is paying?  Is international trade necessary?  Is this according subsidiarity principle? n Cost-efficient n Operational ……. Now!

21. pagina 21 www.recs.org