1. Chapter 6: The Baby’s Arrival
Parenting and Child Development
Chapter 6: The Baby’s Arrival
Essential Question: What happens to mom and baby during labor, delivery, and the postnatal period?

2. Section 6-1: Labor and Birth
Essential Question: What are the stages and variations of labor and delivery?

3. When the baby settles deep in the pelvis Days or weeks before labor
Lightening
Refers to:
May happen:
When the baby settles deep in the pelvis
Days or weeks before labor

4. Early Signs of Labor
_____________________________
______________________________
SHOW
WATER BREAKS
CONTRACTIONS
The tightening and releasing of the muscles of the uterus
Few drops of blood that show when the mucus plug in the cervix dissolves
Amniotic sac holding amniotic fluid breaks
-Call the doctor
-Delivery in 24 – 48 hours to protect baby from infection
The period of time between them gets shorter as labor advances

5. Watching the baby’s heart rate for indicators of stress
Fetal Monitoring
Watching the baby’s heart rate for indicators of stress
Usually done during labor and delivery
Most common method uses ultrasound

6. Doctors can give meds to stop
Full term pregnancy =
Premature (preterm) labor =
Warning signs:
-Contractions every 10 min. or less
-Dull backache
-Leaking blood or fluid
40 weeks
37 weeks or less
Doctors can give meds to stop

7. FALSE LABOR CONTRACTIONS
Hours or days before actual labor
End with light exercise
Aren’t regular or rhythmic
Don’t become stronger over time

8. Contractions follow a regular pattern Contractions grow in intensity
REAL LABOR
Contractions follow a regular pattern
Contractions grow in intensity
Time them and report to doctor

9. Inducing Labor For medical reasons or emergencies After 42 weeks
If amniotic sac breaks & labor doesn’t start

10. Contractions open the cervix. The baby is born.
STAGE 1
STAGE 2
STAGE 3
STAGES OF LABOR
Contractions open the cervix.
The baby is born.
The placenta is expelled.
Cervix softens and thins
Contractions increase in strength, length and frequency
Baby moves into lower pelvis
Mother not allowed to push
Ends with transition period
Contractions are more productive – pushing baby out
Mother can push
Mother can rest a little
Mild contractions
Placenta separates from uterine wall and is pushed out
Birth is complete

11. Baby enters birth canal with feet or buttocks first
TERMS
Transition
Relaxin
Cord Blood
Breech Presentation
Episiotomy
Stem Cells
Baby enters birth canal with feet or buttocks first
Contained in cord blood Capable of producing all types of blood cells
Used to treat blood-related illnesses
Cervix fully dilated (4 inches)
Contractions last 90 seconds
2 – 3 minutes apart
A hormone that allows mother’s ligaments to stretch
The blood left behind in the umbilical cord and placenta
Surgical cut to widen the vagina

12. Baby is delivered through a surgical incision
Cesarean Section
Setting:
Done because:
Recovery:
Definition:
Risks:
Baby is delivered through a surgical incision
Up to 6 weeks to fully recover
-Epidural or general anesthesia
-Father may be present
-Delivery/operating room is used
-Lack of progress during labor
-Baby in Distress
-Baby turned wrong
-Multiple babies
It is major surgery

13. An Incubator controls oxygen, temperature and humidity
Premature Birth
An Incubator controls oxygen, temperature and humidity
5 – 6 % of all babies
Weigh less than 5 lb. 8 oz.
Organs may be less developed
Before 37 weeks

14. Section 6-2: The Newborn
Essential Question: What does the newborn look like and how is he prepared for life outside the womb?

15. ____________ starts to circulate to/from the lungs
Before Birth
After Birth
Lungs are
____________
Extra fluid is
__________________
collapsed
Suctioned out
Oxygen delivered by
__________________
LUNGS
Newborn starts to
__________________
Mother’s blood
Breathe naturally
Lungs fill with
__________________
____________ starts to
circulate to/from the lungs
Blood
Amniotic fluid

16. Small stump dries and falls off
UMBILICAL CORD
Clamped and cut off
Small stump dries and falls off
No longer needed

17. Head is large and wobbly Fingers/Toes may be cool
Head is ¼ of height
Head is large and wobbly
Fingers/Toes may be cool
APPEARANCE OF THE NEWBORN
Skull - pointed or lopsided
Eyes are grayish blue – may change
Small, flat facial features
Face – swollen or puffy
Fat cheeks

18. Disappears in about a week
LANUGO
VERNIX
Thick, white, pasty substance
Fine, downy hair
Present at birth
Protects skin from fluid
Forehead, back , and shoulders
Washed off after birth
Disappears soon after birth
MILIA
Baby acne
Disappears in about a week

19. What 5 factors are checked?
APGAR SCALE
What is it?
When is this test done?
What 5 factors are checked?
How is baby scored?
1 minute and again at 5 minutes after birth
A system of rating the physical condition of the newborn baby.
0 to 2
Heart rate
High Apgar score =
Low Apgar score =
Baby is OK
Response to stimulation
Breathing
Baby needs help
Clear skin color
Muscle tone

20. Other tests and procedures given after birth:
Antibiotic drops in eyes
Footprint and fingerprints
Weight
Hearing screening
ID bands on baby and mother
Blood test from cord blood
Vitamin K injection
Height

21. Section 6-3: The Postnatal Period
Essential Question: What are the physical and emotional needs of baby and her new family?

22. Bonding helps brain development
Forming emotional ties between parents and child
Hospitals delay routine procedures
Baby placed on mom’s stomach after birth
Parents touch and talk to baby
Newborn instinctively focuses on human face

23. THE HOSPITAL STAY 1 – 3 days Treated with phototherapy
Neonatal Period
What is jaundice?
THE
HOSPITAL
STAY
How long is the hospital stay?
What happens to baby’s weight?
What is rooming-in?
How does baby get a birth certificate?
How does baby get a Social Security number?
The first month after baby is born
1 – 3 days
Treated with phototherapy
Baby’s liver can’t remove bilirubin – Skin and eyes look yellow
Baby will lose weight during the first few days
Over 50% of newborns
Baby remains in mother’s room during hospital stay
Parents fill out form and receive temporary birth certificate
Fill out form

24. Stay in neonatal intensive care unit
Premature Babies
Stay in neonatal intensive care unit
How long?
Feeding
Breathing
Outlook:
Tube into stomach
Until internal organs develop enough to function on their own
Machines assist baby
Increased risk of medical and developmental problems
The more premature, the greater the risks

25. Postpartum Depression
“Baby Blues”
Rest
Exercise
Check-up
Postnatal Period
Nutrition
Get sleep and help from relatives
Common, include mood swings
“Blues” worsen, mom needs professional
help
4 – 6 weeks after birth
Begin mild exercise
Breast-feeding mothers- need healthy food and extra fluids

26. The End.