1. Binary Numbers

2. Base 10 and Base 2  We normally work with numbers in base 10.  In base 10 we use the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9.  Everything inside your computer is stored as binary also called base 2.  In base 2 we use only the digits 0 and 1.  Everything inside your computer is stored as binary (1s and 0s):  Text  Pictures  Songs etc.

3. Base 10 Number Example:  In base 10 we use a system of place values as shown below:

4. Binary Numbers  To start with, we will be using 2^8 (8 bit) binary numbers.  In base 2 we use a system of place values as shown below: 2727 2626 2525 2424 23232 2121 2020 1286432168421

5. Binary Number Example:  The easiest method of converting base 10 numbers into binary numbers is by using a table:  64 + 16 + 4 + 1 = 85 2727 2626 2525 2424 23232 2121 2020 1286432168421 01010101

6. Binary Questions  Convert the following binary numbers to base 10:  0000 0111  0000 0101  0110 0110 4+2+1 = 7 4+1 = 5 64 + 32 +4 + 2 = 102

7. Converting Binary  Convert the following base 10 numbers into binary numbers: 33  11  140 2+1 = 0000 0011 8+2+1 = 0000 1011 128 + 8 + 4 = 1000 1100

8. Units of Measure  A group of 8 bits is called a Byte.  Other units of measure include:  Nibble - 4 bits (half a byte)  Byte - 8 bits  Kilobyte (KB) - 1024 bytes (or 1024 x 8 bits)  Megabyte (MB) - 1024 kilobytes (or 1048576 bytes)  Gigabyte (GB) - 1024 megabytes  Terabyte (TB) - 1024 gigabytes