1. Arthur Bryant Jeanne Cannon Ryan Sujkowski

2.  Brief History  Discuss pros and cons  Analyze the Environmental effects from Coal  Discuss pricing

3.  Coal has been a source of energy since 2600 years ago  Took flight in 13 th Century in the British Isles  Originally Coal gas was a fad in Britain (1840s)  In the 19 th Century is when the US Coal Industry took flight  Northeast PA is known for being abundant with “Black Diamonds.”

4.  2003- Climate Stewardship Act  EPA helps regulate the emission of the Greenhouse gas  Elaborated version of the Natural Gas Act of 1938  2010- Energy Market and Economic Impacts of the American Power Act  Regulates emission of Greenhouse Gas based upon economic incentives  2013- Clean Water Act for fossil-fuel and nuclear power plants.  EPA proposed new effluent limitation guidelines (ELGs)  ELGs sets limits on the amount of pollutants that can be discharged into surface waters

6.  Terrestrial damage/Habitat destruction / fragmentation  Surface mining disrupts virtually all aesthetic elements of the landscape.  Alteration of landforms often imposes unfamiliar and discontinuous configurations.  New linear patterns appear as material is extracted and waste piles are developed.  Different colors/textures are exposed as vegetative cover is removed and overburden dumped to the side.  Dust, vibration, and diesel exhaust odors are created (affecting sight, sound, and smell).  Subsidence  the ground level lowers as a result of coal having been mined beneath.  Aquatic damage/Physical stream damage  mountaintop removal: soil and rock removed is deposited in nearby valleys, hollows and depressions, resulting in blocked (and contaminated) water ways.  Destroy aquifers

7.  Burning coal is a leading cause of smog, acid rain, & toxic air pollution.  Clean Coal

8.  Texas Clean Energy Project  Working on technology to capture 90% of Carbon  Received $450,000,000 from Fed. Gov’t  Eliminate the cost and damage of mining  Clinton administration (2003) signed the Fossil Energy Protocol  Better usage of coal and oil  Committed $75,000,000

9.  PROS  U.S. DOEFE  Set up labs to test clean coal  came up with ways to use CO 2 to their advantage  coming up with alternatives for shale fracking.

10.  CONS  Quit Coal  Americans spend over half of a trillion dollars on healthcare from environmental impacts from coal.  Sierra Mountain Club  Don’t like because mining destroys mountains and has negative environment impact  Coal is Dirty  Global Warming

11.  Health Effects  Deep mining  Poor air filtration: black lung  Collapsing  Shaft explosions  Child labor  No OSHA laws outside of the US

12.  Coal can be converted into other forms of energy  Gasification  Diesel  Besides the opposition, coal is still one of the main sources of energy throughout the world  It is the most economical  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ILAiQUR rMH0

13.  http://www.eia.gov/coal/  http://www.netl.doe.gov/technologies/coalpower/gasification/index.html  http://www.worldcoal.org/coal-the-environment/coal-use-the- environment/improving-efficiencies/  http://www.coalfacts.org/  http://energy.gov/fe/science-innovation/clean-coal-research/gasification  http://energy.gov/fe/science-innovation/clean-coal-research/hydrogen-coal  http://content.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1870599,00.html  http://coalandfuel.blogspot.com/2008/09/underground-coal-gasification-ucg.html  http://www.worldcoal.org/coal/uses-of-coal/coal-to-liquids/  http://www.environment.gen.tr/what-is-energy/90-energy-units-and-calculators.html  http://www.cleancoalusa.org/sites/all/files/EPA_Regulations_July_15.pdf  http://www.coal-is-dirty.com/who_we_are  http://quitcoal.org/about  http://ilovemountains.org/act/  http://www.worldcoal.org/coal-the-environment/coal-mining-the-environment/