1. Expanding Interests in Asia and Latin America

2. Opening Up Trade with Japan Prior to 1850 Japan remained isolated from the western world Under threat of force, in 1854 Japan signed a treaty allowing US ships access to Japanese ports –Japan soon emerged as a world power –1890s Japan showed strength during a successful war with China

3. US and China Late 1890’s France, Germany, England, Japan, and Russia all had colonies in China –They also claimed rights to railroad construction and mining development in China US wanted access to China’s resources and markets –Helps US gain “world power” status

4. Open Door Policy US Secretary of State proposed the “Open Door Policy” to all nations with interests in the region –Stated that no single country should have a monopoly on trade with China –Eventually accepted by most countries

5. Boxer Rebellion A Chinese group known as the “Boxers” were not happy with foreign influence 1900, Boxers rebelled against foreigners –Eight nations, including US, stopped the rebellion –Approx. 230 foreigners killed –Thousands of Chinese killed

6. The Panama Canal A growing economy led US leaders to propose a canal to connect the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans –US ships would no longer have to travel around South America –Reduces travel time for commercial and military transport –Spanish-American War, fought in both oceans, also showed shortcut was needed

7. Canal Location Isthmus of Panama selected, controlled by Columbia –Columbia not willing to give up its land –Roosevelt sent the US Navy to support a revolution –1903 new nation, Panama created Leaders of Panama allowed US to build canal Many Americans opposed Roosevelt’s methods of getting land from Columbia –1921 US paid Columbia $25 Million for the loss of Panama

8. Building the Canal 44,000 workers Approx. 10 years to build, opened in 1914 $350-380 million 5,500 workers died from disease and accidents

9. Protecting Latin America US interests in Latin America included: –Cheap cost of food and raw resources, shipped to the US and sold for higher prices Bananas, coffee, copper –Mining and farming the region Political instability in Latin America concerned the US –fear of European intervention

10. Controlling of the West Roosevelt made it clear that the US was the dominate power in the Western Hemisphere “Speak softly and carry a big stick” –Meant the US would use military force if their interests were threatened Monroe Doctrine, 1823 – policy that barred European nations from intervening in Latin America –Roosevelt added the “Roosevelt Corollary, 1905 authorized US to act as a “policeman” in the region