1. World Geography Primer What I should remember from Middle School, but I’ve slept since then!

2. Academic Division of Geography  Physical Geography  Cultural Geography

3. Physical Geography  Natural features on the surface of the earth and the physical environment  Climate  Ecosystems – vegetation and animals  Landforms

4. Cultural Geography  The study of people  Beliefs  Traditions  Way of life  Economic activities  Government systems  Religion  Language  Gender roles

5. Satellite Imaging

6. General or Special:

7. Latitude, Longitude, and Location  Geography is often said to begin with the question: Where? Although this question can be answered in many ways the basic tool for finding the answer is location. Lines on globes and maps provide information that can help you locate places. These lines cross one another, forming a pattern called a grid system. This system helps you find exact places on the Earth’s surface.

8. Grid System

9. Latitude:  Parallels: Parallel to the Equator, measure the distance north and south of the Equator in degrees. Equator measured at 0° latitude, the poles are 90 ° N and 90° S.  North latitude: Parallels north of the Equator  South latitude: Parallels south of the Equator

10. Longitude:  Meridians: Circle the Earth from Pole to Pole. Run east and west of the Prime Meridian.  Prime Meridian: Line of longitude that runs through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England.  East longitude: Places east of the PM  West longitude: Places west of the PM

11. Major Lines of Latitude

12. Lines of longitude (meridians) Lines that are drawn around the globe through the poles. They measure East and West. Prime Meridian 0˚- Greenwich, England

13. TODALSIGS N

14. Key/Legend

15. Large vs. Small Scale Maps  The larger the area represented on a flat piece of paper, the smaller the scale of the map and the less detail it can display.  Why? Because scale refers to the ratio of a distance on a map to the actual distance it represents.

16. What is the scale?

18. Practice Using Absolute Location D B C A E F

19. Universal Time  Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is set at the Prime Meridian (0°)  Travel W time gets earlier  Travel E times gets later

20. International Date Line  Located on the 180° meridian  Travel W = +1 day  Travel E = -1 day

23. Summary  Why are maps valuable?  What are the features of a map?  What are the major lines of latitude?  How do you determine absolute location?  What is the difference between large and small scale maps?