1. Critical Review of an Abstract COOLING SYSTEMS IN AUTOMOBILES AND CARS

2. Abstract Most internal combustion engines are fluid cooled using either air (a gaseous fluid) or a liquid coolant run through a heat exchanger (radiator) cooled by air. In air cooling system, heat is carried away by the air flowing over and around the cylinder. Here fins are cast on the cylinder head and cylinder barrel which provide additional conductive and radiating surface. In water- cooling system of cooling engines, the cylinder walls and heads are provided with jacket through which the cooling liquid can circulate. An internal combustion engine produces power by burning fuel within the cylinders; therefore, it is often referred to as a "heat engine." However, only about25% of the heat is converted to useful power. What happens to the remaining 75 percent? Thirty to thirty-five percent of the heat produced in the combustion chambers by the burning fuel are dissipated by the cooling system along with the lubrication and fuel systems. Forty to forty- five percent of the heat produced passes out with the exhaust gases. If this heat were not removed quickly, overheating and extensive damage would result. Valves would burn and warp, lubricating oil would break down, pistons and bearing would overheat and seize, and the engine would soon stop. The necessity for cooling may be emphasized by considering the total heat developed by an ordinary six-cylinder engine.

3. Type of Abstract Informative Many facts given from the beginning Introduce two type of cooling system in engine

4. Most internal combustion engines are fluid cooled using either air (a gaseous fluid) or a liquid coolant run through a heat exchanger (radiator) cooled by air. In air cooling system, heat is carried away by the air flowing over and around the cylinder. Here fins are cast on the cylinder head and cylinder barrel which provide additional conductive and radiating surface. In water- cooling system of cooling engines, the cylinder walls and heads are provided with jacket through which the cooling liquid can circulate. An internal combustion engine produces power by burning fuel within the cylinders; therefore, it is often referred to as a "heat engine." However, only about25% of the heat is converted to useful power. What happens to the remaining 75 percent? Thirty to thirty-five percent of the heat produced in the combustion chambers by the burning fuel are dissipated by the cooling system along with the lubrication and fuel systems. Forty to forty- five percent of the heat produced passes out with the exhaust gases. If this heat were not removed quickly, overheating and extensive damage would result. Valves would burn and warp, lubricating oil would break down, pistons and bearing would overheat and seize, and the engine would soon stop. The necessity for cooling may be emphasized by considering the total heat developed by an ordinary six-cylinder engine.

5. Length of Abstract Acceptable for informative abstract Around 220 words

6. Keyword Internal combustion engines Cooling system in an engine Air cooling system Water-cooling system Cooling engines

7. Four Basics component of Abstract YES! Background MethodologyResultsApplications

8. Introduction Methodology Results Applications

9. Language Elements Less technical way Easy to understand Follow the chronology

10. Present simple “Most internal combustion engines are fluid cooled using either air (a gaseous fluid) or a liquid coolant run through a heat exchanger (radiator) cooled by air” “Here fins are cast on the cylinder head and cylinder barrel which provide additional conductive and radiating surface.” Past Simple “If this heat were not removed quickly, overheating and extensive damage would result”

11. Paragraphing Use more than one paragraph Divided base on components

12. Overall view of Abstract The abstract has a good structure. Easy to understand. Very informative Interactive. Attract readers to read full journal.