1. Chapter 4

2.  About 6.2 billion people now live on Earth inhabiting about 30% of the planets land.  By 2000 the worlds population had soared to more than 6 billion. If the population continues to grow at its current rate, it will pass 9 billion by the year 2050.

3.  Death Rate: Is the number of deaths per year for every thousand people.  Birth Rate: Is the number of births per year for every thousand people.  Population Distribution: Is the pattern of human settlement, is uneven as well.

4.  Culture: The way of life for a group of people who share similar beliefs and customs.  Culture includes language, religion, ancestry, and customs.  When cultures clash, sometimes a conflict occurs, but sometimes culture is diffused, meaning ideas and knowledge are shared.

5.  Each country has a different military, natural resources, world influence & size.  Different levels of government: Unitary, Federal, Confederation.  Types of Government: Autocracy, Oligarchy, Democracy  Economic Systems: Traditional, Market, Command, Socialism

6.  Natural Resources: elements from the earth, not made by mankind, which can be used for food, fuel, ect.  Renewable Resources: cannot be used up, and cannot be naturally grown in a short amount of time.  Examples: Wind, Sun, Water, Forests, and Animal Life  Non-renewable resources: cannot be replaced lies in the Earth’s crust.  Examples: Minerals and fossil fuels  -Environmentalists suggest that we should use more renewable resources than non-renewable resources

7.  Primary Economic: taking resources straight from the source  Secondary Economic: raw materials to produce something new and more valuable  Tertiary Economic Activities: activities that produce resources  Quaternary Economic Activities: concerned with the processing, management, and distribution of information  Developed Countries: countries where majority of industry is manufacturing and service  Developing Countries: countries where majority is industry is agriculture  Industrialization: the spread of industry  World Trade: countries export their specialized products, trading them to other countries that cannot produce these goods  Free Trade: the removal of trade barriers so that goods can flow freely among countries.

8.  Pollution: the release of unclean or impure elements into the air  Water pollution is caused by oil spills and dumping chemical waste into the ocean, fertilizers and pesticides seep into the groundwater.  Land pollution is caused by chemical waste poisons fertile top soil or solid waste is dumped in the land fills.  Air pollution main source is the burning of fossil fuels and acidic chemicals that mix with the precipitation