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Published byAshley Caldwell Modified over 8 years ago
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Chapter 16 INTEREST GROUPS
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Short Answers What do interest groups do? How did American interests groups develop? What makes interest groups successful (or influential)? Opinion – Should the government regulate interest group activity? Why or why not?
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Interest Groups – 3 qualities 1)Organized 2)United - Shared agenda / common concerns 3) Influence – public policy
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Government’s Role Balance the claims of diverse and competing interests
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Political Parties VS Interest Groups Close to center (on political spectrum) Mainstream Liberal and Conservative in identity Specialized
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Goals of Interest Groups 1)Win over Gov’t support 2)Defeat competition of conflicting groups
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Rise of the Interest Group State 1960 – Today 1) Civil Rights Mvmt & Anti-Vietnam protests 2) Gov’t Corruption 3) Tech & Communication
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Pendulum Swing of Political Activity Liberal 60s & 70s Conservative 80s & 90s Present day – Business Groups dominate the scene
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In the most general sense… An interest group strives to represent the desires of its members
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Trade Associations Represent a specific industry Multiple corporations or small businesses join together for increased leverage and influence
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Governmental interest groups GOAL * Win grants and gain resources from federal grants and organizations *
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Economic VS Public Economic interests GOAL Financial gain of members Non-profits GOAL Betterment of society Collective interest or the general welfare
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Emergence of Interest Groups Factors 1)Diversity of nation – demographics 2)Individualism – hallmark of US culture 3)Political Tradition - Constitution & Limited Fed Gov’t
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Interest Group – Budget Salaries Infrastructure Lobbying Court costs (litigation Recruitment of members Recruitment of leaders Research Advertisement / marketing Campaign contributions
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Interest Group Membership 1)Leaders 2)Participants 3)Members
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Free Riders Benefit from interest group achievements without participating or belonging to the group
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Lobbyists INFORM & PERSUADE Lawmakers
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Why do Reps & Senators meet with lobbyists? Government officials rely on specialized information & dependable research of interest group professionals Effective lobbyists maintain strong reputations
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Executive Lobbying Access points – President – Executive Bureaucracy – Presidential Staff Lobbyists seek to influence two aspects of legislation – Formation – Implementation
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Revolving Door Representatives and Senators use political career as a pathway to lucrative lobbying positions
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Lobbying the Courts National level / Supreme Court Cases SC justice nominations – Testify / Statements in confirmation process SC cases – Direct sponsorship of high-profile cases – Submit “Friend of the Court” statements on cases that have reach the highest court
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