1. GIS Minimum Metadata Standards Minimum Metadata Standards for GIS Data and Products

2. GIS Minimum Metadata Standards Goals & Objectives Why? GIS Licensure and Data Classification AZ BTR Growing use of GIS data Emergence of Open Data initiatives What? Guidelines for providing metadata with all geospatial data and products How? Review by professionals Review by customers AGIC/APLS/BTR Education

3. GIS Minimum Metadata Standards Why? GIS Licensure and Data Classification A group of GISers and Surveyors started an effort in 2002 to bring the professions closer together and to cooperatively work on common goals. AZ BTR The Legislation & Rules Committee has taken up this item and is working towards redefining the definition of the Practice of Surveying for this state. Growing use of GIS data Especially by non-GIS government staff, and the general public. Emergence of Open Data movements Could make geospatial data much more accessible and available.

4. GIS Minimum Metadata Standards What? Develop minimum metadata standards for geospatial data that provide quality indicators to the end-user. Metadata standards would include the specification of required metadata fields for any geospatial dataset that is to be used externally to an organization. Include standards for geospatial attribute data. The adoption of standards for assessing and reporting quality indicators of geospatial data would provide a tool that could effectively inform and guide data end-users in the proper use of and limitations in using a given dataset.

5. GIS Minimum Metadata Standards What? Key data quality indicators include: Intended use of the data Data creation methodologies Data processing Personnel expertise Known errors and qualifications Limitations of use Including the intended use of the data in metadata would go a long ways towards providing a good understanding to the end-user of appropriate and inappropriate uses of the data. Including limitations of use would augment the intended use by specifying purposes for which the data is not recommended for and/or restrictions in its use.

6. GIS Minimum Metadata Standards What? Metadata fields: Descriptive name/description/abstract: General overview of what the data set encompasses. Purpose of the data and intended uses: What purpose and use was the data created for? (key data quality indicator) Feature type: Geometry type, e.g. point, line, polygon, raster, etc. File name: Name of the digital file(s), as delivered. Distribution restrictions: Sensitive data, critical infrastructure, internal-only. Known errors and qualifications: Indicator of usability and constraints. (key data quality indicator) Projection/coordinate system: Georeferencing information.

7. GIS Minimum Metadata Standards What? Metadata fields: (cont.) Dates – creation, update, maintenance frequency: Temporal information. Maintenance Organization: The group who maintains the data. Contacts – general, maintenance: References for acquiring additional information. Personnel expertise: An indication of whether or not a Professional Registrant was involved. (key data quality indicator) Data creation methodologies, including equipment: How was the data created? (key data quality indicator) Data Processing: Once the data was collected or derived, was it post-processed in any way that could affect its quality? (key data quality indicator)

8. GIS Minimum Metadata Standards What? Metadata fields: (cont.) Completeness: Geometry AND attribute status in terms of what is missing. Attribute information: Field metadata and notes regarding sources. For GIS use, attribute data is just as important as geometry. Field metadata includes an explanation of each field’s content, and domain of values if applicable, especially for encoded values. Limitations of use: Augments the intended use with specific use restrictions. (key data quality indicator)

9. GIS Minimum Metadata Standards What? Example – GIS parcel layer: Description: GIS parcel boundaries – Pima County. Purpose of the data: This GIS layer was created for general reference purposes, along with providing a graphical interface into parcel data that is maintained by the Assessor’s Office. Feature type: polygon File name: paregion Distribution restrictions: Not to be distributed for commercial use.

10. GIS Minimum Metadata Standards What? Example – GIS parcel layer: Known errors and qualifications: This layer contains duplicate taxcodes for parcels, e.g. undeveloped subdivisions in which all lots are assigned the same taxcode, until the lots are developed. Further, a relatively small number of other parcels have more than one polygon per parcel resulting in duplicate taxcodes. Subdivision common areas are typical examples. Parcels with duplicate taxcodes in paregion duplicate parcel valuation data. Summing valuations for these duplicated taxcode parcels from paregion will result in inflated totals. Users should normalize their analysis results based on the frequency of duplicate taxcodes. Projection/coordinate system: NAD83-92 (HARN), State Plane, Arizona Central Zone (FIPS Zone 0202), International Feet. Dates: Creation: 01/07/1997 Maintenance: Updated daily Maintenance Organization: Pima County ITD GIS Contact(s): Steve Whitney, steve.whitney@pima.gov, (520) 724-6729.

11. GIS Minimum Metadata Standards What? Example – GIS parcel layer: Personnel expertise: Those involved in the creation of this GIS layer included GIS Managers, Analysts, and Technicians. GIS Technicians maintain the data. Data creation methodologies: The majority of the parcel boundaries were tablet digitized from Subdivision Plats and Assessor Record Maps. In 2007 the parcel boundaries in the metropolitan area were rubber sheeted to digital orthophotography. Over time as new subdivision data has been acquired in digital format from development firms, this higher accuracy data has been incorporated into this layer and existing boundaries have been adjusted to this new data. Completeness: The GIS parcel layer is always incomplete in that there is lag time between the time that parcel data is recorded and the time that it takes to make its way through the recordation and assessment processes then into the GIS layer. The attribute data is complete, although it may not be totally up-to-date due to lag times the parceling process. The parcel geometry and Assessor’s data is synchronized once a year at the close of the tax roll, producing a one-to-one match between parcel geometry and Assessor attributes.

12. GIS Minimum Metadata Standards What? Example – GIS parcel layer: Attribute information: Field metadata - The attribute data for the layer primarily is supplied from the Assessor’s parcel data, along with some GIS overlays for other fields. Limitations of use: This layer should not be used for determining legal boundary locations, surveying, engineering, or uses other than general reference. Field NameDescriptionDomainEnumerated Values ACRESArea in acresCalculatedN/A PARCELParcel tax codeRangeN/A PARCEL_USE ADOR parcel use codeEnumerated ADOR Property Use Code Manual TOTALFCV Assessed total full cash valueFreeformN/A LANDMEAS Total number of land units FreeformN/A LANDUNITType of land unitEnumerated A=acres F= sq. ft. S=site

13. GIS Minimum Metadata Standards How? Professional review of the standards: Geospatial expertise What we can and can’t live with Will it be feasible? (e.g. will professionals actually follow the practice?) Customer review of the standards: Do they understand the concept? Do they get the message that we’re trying to convey? (e.g. can they form a solid judgment of what and what not to use the data for?) AGIC/APLS/BTR: Promote the adoption of the final standards to these organizations. Education!!!

14. GIS Minimum Metadata Standards Feedback  Need to compare these to other standards, e.g. ASPRS, AZGEO, FGDC, etc.  Need to get more input from Surveyors.  How would the work for paper/web maps? o Some view the legend/key as the metadata. o Surveyors put metadata on the map, e.g. hardcopy maps and their supporting documents. o Sources are good to include, e.g. data, organization, contact. o Include a reference like "For more details see..." o Include a map ID that users can use to access additional information. o Include a URL for accessing more information.  Segregate key fields vs. optional fields, for both primary metadata and attribute field metadata.  Looking at combining GIS and survey metadata, e.g. accuracy fields for GIS data would be entered as "GIS" indicating that no discrete accuracy is offered.  Modify the terminology to be less technical.  Attempt to provide a yes/no gateway right up front between survey and non- survey data and products.  Modify the terminology to be less technical.

15. GIS Minimum Metadata Standards Questions? Contact Info Steve Whitney GIS Manager – Geographic Data Management and Mapping Applications Pima County Information Technology Department steve.whitney@pima.gov (520) 724-6670