1. Physics Chapter 1 Notes

2. Chapter 1 Science Knowledge that is acquired and tested using a systematic procedure (Scientific Method) Sharing information Predicting Using observation to make predictions

3. Chapter 1 Observation Information that is known because it has been seen or experienced directly. Black Boxes Inference A conclusion based upon known information or observations

4. Chapter 1 Hypothesis A possible solution or explanation for a problem or question that is based on observations Theory A hypothesis that has been tested many times and still explains the observations (created by imagination)

5. Chapter 1 Horizontal motion Aristotle (384-322 BC). natural state of object at rest Galileo (Galileo Galilei) (1564-1642) imagined motion would continue without friction. Inertia (conceptually)

6. Chapter 1 Theories Replaced Ptolomy (Claudius Ptolemaeus) (100?-170? AD) Earth centered universe Concentric crystaline spheres Created a calendar that predicted the rising and setting of stars. Copernicus (Nicolaus Copernicus) (1473-1543) Sun centered universe - not perfect, but better matched observations (phases of Venus) His book “On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres” wasn’t published for 13 years because it contradicted the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church. Galileo was accused of Heresy but was later pardoned when the church accepted his teachings

7. Chapter 1 1-2 Physics Art, architecture, design, electricity, optics

8. Chapter 1 1-3 Model - A description, picture or idea about something that cannot be viewed directly (mental of visual picture) Wave model of light Theory - Theory of Relativity Atomic Theory

9. Chapter 1 Law - Concise statement about how nature works Law of Gravity

10. Chapter 1 1-4 Uncertainty Smallest division shown on measuring devise Significant figures - calculations use term with smallest number of significant figures. Do not count place holders 80 cm 80.0 cm Scientific notation 46,450 4.645 x 10 4

11. Chapter 1 1-5 Unit relative to a particular standard Standards Metric system prefixes ( pg. 11) kilo - micro System International (SI) Length - meter Mass - gram Time - second Mars space probe

12. Chapter 1 1-6 Conversion factors Cancel out units Examples in book

13. Chapter 1 1-7 Rough estimates Lake Page of book Triangulation - ratio of sides

14. Chapter 1 1-8 - Appendix A - Mathematical Review