1. Chapter 3, Section 1

2. ◦ A Crossroads Location (keyword)  Located in southwest Asia where Africa, Asia and Europe connect.  Merchants carried spices, silk and gold, as well as other goods, along these trade routes.  Trade routes were on land and sea.  Different groups of people traded together, bringing products and ideas from around the world.

3.  Physical Features (keyword) ◦ Hot and dry ◦ Huge, sandy deserts cover large parts of Arabia.  a. Sand Dunes as high as 800 feet, hundreds of miles long.  b. Rub’ al-Khali – the world’s largest sand desert – means “Empty Quarter”.

4.  On your own, create two questions that can be answered by your notes.  If there is something you don’t understand, write that question down on your sticky note.

5.  Oasis – a wet fertile area in the desert. ◦ a. Underground water comes to the surface. ◦ b. Key stops for Arabian traders. Mountains border the southern and western coast. Marsh land near the Persian Gulf. Most people settled along the coast.

6. Desert Climate (keyword) ◦ Arabia is one of the hottest, driest places in the world. ◦ Temperatures can reach 100 degrees during the summer. ◦ Only desert plants survive.  a. They have roots that stretch deep or spread out far to collect water.

7.  On your own, create two questions that can be answered by your notes.  If there is something you don’t understand, write that question down on your sticky note.

8. Nomads (keyword)  Live in tents  Raise sheep, goats, and camels.  Use the animals for milk, meat and skins.  Travel around the desert to get food, water for the animals.  Use camels for transportation and milk.  Tribes were necessary to keep people safe.  a. Fierce competition for water and grazing land.  b. Shared responsibility.

9.  Townspeople (keyword) ◦ Sedentary – settled in one place. ◦ Usually towns were located in oases where people could farm or along trade routes. ◦ Merchants and craftsmen traded goods with people in caravans. ◦ Caravans – group of traders who travelled together.

10. Trade Centers (keyword) ◦ Souk – a market or bazaar (another word for market). ◦ Traded animal products, desert herbs, cooking supplies, clothing. ◦ Merchants sold spices, gold, leather and other goods brought in by the caravans.

11.  With your partner, choose your 3 BEST questions and write them on the piece of paper.  Choose a question that you still don’t understand, and add that to the bottom of the paper.

12.  Your job is to convince people to visit Arabia.  To do this, write a paragraph about each of the following: ◦ Climate – what is the weather like? ◦ Geography – what is the land like? ◦ Society – what is life like? ◦ Use the following terms: Crossroads location; sand dunes; oasis; souk; sedentary; nomads; caravan ◦ Come up with a slogan and include at least one drawing.