1. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Occupational Health and Safety in Veterinary Hospitals Manual for McCurnin’s Clinical Textbook for Veterinary Technicians Power Point Lesson 8 th edition 1

2. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Safety and General Workplace Hazards 1. Pronounce, spell, and define all Key Terms in the chapter. 2. Do the following regarding safety in the veterinary hospital: Explain the acronym OSHA and describe the role it plays in the development of safety programs in veterinary practices. List the safety rights and responsibilities of employees in the workplace. List the safety rights and responsibilities of workplace leaders. 2 Lesson 4.1

3. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Safety and General Workplace Hazards 3. List common workplace hazards in a veterinary facility and describe precautions that can be taken to reduce the risk of these hazards. Also do the following: Explain proper methods for lifting objects and animals. List hazards associated with the use of ethylene oxide, formalin, glutaraldehyde, anesthetic gases, and compressed gases. Describe the requirements of the OSHA “right to know” law. Explain the acronym MSDS and describe the components of an MSDS. 3 Lesson 4.1

4. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Safety on the Job Can Affect a Veterinary Practice  Personal injury  Hazards  Infectious diseases  Harmful chemicals  Radiation  Animal-induced 4

5. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) 5

6. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Why Is OSHA Important? 6  Enforces federal laws  Helps ensure a safe workplace for American workers  Employers have responsibilities  Safety program  Safety training

7. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Your Safety Rights  Employees have a right to:  Raise safety concerns without fear of reprisal  A safety program/training  Contact OSHA if concerns are not addressed  View medical reports  View OSHA form 300A (summary of work-related injuries and illnesses) 7

8. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Employee Responsibilities  Learn and follow safety rules  Read the OSHA poster  Comply with applicable standards  Wear or use personal protective equipment (PPE)  Report hazardous conditions  Report job-related injury or illness  Seek treatment promptly 8

9. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Leadership’s Rights 9  The right to set rules of conduct or operation  Ample time to correct safety problems  The right to be present during an OSHA inspection (except under court orders)

10. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Leadership’s Responsibilities 10  Provide safe environment with identified hazards  Correct hazards that can be eliminated  Control hazards that cannot be eliminated  Comply with safety/health laws  Establish and enforce safety procedures, including emergency procedures  Provide practice-specific safety training

11. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. General Workplace Hazards  Attire  Dress appropriately for job at hand  Minimal jewelry, if any  Cover the entire foot 11

12. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. General Workplace Hazards 12  Lifting

13. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. General Workplace Hazards  Ergonomic injuries  Clutter  Lack of cleanliness  Ineffective organization 13

14. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Improper Storage 14

15. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Machinery and Equipment  Improper use of machinery or equipment  Wearing loose clothing or hair around machinery with moving parts  Autoclave and steam burns 15

16. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Electricity 16

17. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Fire and Evacuation 17  Store flammable liquids properly  Keep flammable materials 3 feet or more from an ignition source  Keep at least two clear exits  Know your duties in the event of a fire  Locate fire extinguishers and know how to use them  Observe National Fire Protection Association rules

18. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Violence  Barriers 18

19. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Hazardous Chemicals  Most common chemicals used  Cleaning and disinfecting agents  Insecticides and pesticides  Drugs and medications  Sterilization agents  Radiology processing fluids  “Right to know” law  Hazardous materials plan 19

20. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Secondary Container Warning Label 20

21. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Material Safety Data Sheet 21

22. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Precautions in Working with Hazardous Chemicals  Storage—tight-fitting, screw-on lids  Eye-level storage  Mixing and diluting  Spill clean-up  Protective clothing  Special equipment  Eyewash stations 22

23. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chemical Spill Clean-up 23  Step 1: Keep people and pets away  Step 2: Increase ventilation  Step 3: Put on protective gloves, apron, and protective eyewear if indicated  Step 4: Cover spill with absorbent materials  Step 5: Sweep saturated absorbent materials into dustpan and deposit in plastic trash bag

24. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chemical Spill Clean-up  Step 6: Seal trash bag, and dispose of it  Step 7: Wash contaminated area thoroughly, and allow area to air-dry  Step 8: Remove protective equipment, and dispose of single-use items  Step 9: Wash hands thoroughly, and change contaminated clothing  Step 10: Replace used materials in spill kit 24

25. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Ethylene Oxide 25  Ethylene oxide (EtO)  Gas sterilization

26. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Formalin  Used for tissue preservation  Human carcinogen 26

27. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Glutaraldehyde  “Cold sterilization” methods 27

28. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Lesson 4.2 28 4. Do the following regarding medical and animal- related hazards : List hazards related to the capture and restraint of small and large animals. Explain risks associated with excessive noise and methods taken to minimize these risks. Describe hazards related to bathing and dipping animals and explain methods to minimize these risks. Define the term zoonotic disease and list zoonotic and nonzoonotic diseases commonly encountered in veterinary practices. Medical and Animal-Related Hazards

29. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Lesson 4.2 29 5. Explain the importance of wearing goggles, gloves and a surgical mask when performing dental procedures on animals. 6. List methods to minimize the risks associated with exposure to radiation, anesthetic gases, and medical waste. 7. List the equipment and supplies needed to protect veterinary personnel when handling hazardous pharmaceuticals such as chemotherapeutic drugs and describe methods for safely handling contaminated bedding and waste from oncology patients. Medical and Animal-Related Hazards

30. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Animal-Related Hazards  Training and practice with animal restraint  Capture-restraining equipment  Chemical restraint 30

31. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Noise  Ear protection 31

32. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Bathing, Dipping, and Spraying Areas 32  Personal protection equipment  Eye-level storage  Ventilation  Eyewash station

33. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Zoonotic Diseases 33  Risks of rabies virus exposure  Other common pathogens  Other viruses  Bacteria (e.g., Lyme disease)  Fungi (e.g., ringworm)  Internal parasites  Protozoans  External parasites

34. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Nonzoonotic Diseases 34  Not serious concern to human health  Highly contagious  Examples  Parvoviral enteritis in dogs  Panleukemia in cats  Personal protection equipment  Protective measures

35. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Precautions for Dentistry Operations  Aerosolized microbes  Personal protection equipment 35

36. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Personal Protection Equipment 36

37. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Radiology Concerns 37  Personal protection equipment  Collimation  Individual dosimeter badge  Processing chemicals

38. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Radiology 38

39. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Anesthesia Concerns 39  Proper scavenging system  Proper anesthetic protocols  Check anesthesia machine before each use

40. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Anesthesia Machine Checklist 40

41. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Anesthesia Machine Checklist 41

42. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Anesthesia Machine Checklist 42

43. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Anesthesia Machine Checklist 43

44. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Further Anesthesia Concerns 44  Delaying extubation  Pregnant personnel

45. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Further Anesthesia Concerns 45

46. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Working with Compressed Gases 46

47. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Sharps and Medical Waste 47  Physical trauma  Keep sharps sheathed until use  Do not attempt to recap needle unless necessary

48. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. One-Handed Needle Recapping 48

49. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. One-Handed Needle Recapping 49

50. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. One-Handed Needle Recapping 50

51. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Hazardous Medical Waste 51  Sharps  Medical devices  Animal blood or tissues  Laboratory cultures  Bandages/sponges  Primate material  Animal waste

52. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Hazardous Drugs 52  All medicines are chemicals  Cytotoxic drugs  Handling drugs  Biological safety cabinet  Handling patient’s body  Handling patient’s wastes

53. Copyright © 2014 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Questions? 53