1. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON A MERICAN GOVERNMENT HOLT 1 Local Government Section 1: U.S. Communities Section 2: Local Government Organization Section 3: Revenue and Local Services CHAPTER 21

2. A MERICAN GOVERNMENT HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON Local Government 2 Section 1: U.S. Communities Objectives: What is a rural area? What historical factors led to the growth of cities? Why did suburbs develop outside of cities? What is a metropolitan area?

3. A MERICAN GOVERNMENT HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON Local Government 3 Section 1: U.S. Communities A rural area is a lowly populated area where people live on farms, on ranches, or in small towns and which tend to be dominated by agricultural production, mining, forestry, or ranching.

4. A MERICAN GOVERNMENT HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON Local Government 4 Section 1: U.S. Communities Historical factors that led to the growth of cities: job opportunities developments in transportation and communication systems technological advances in public works engineering decreased need for farm labor because of improvements in agricultural technology

5. A MERICAN GOVERNMENT HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON Local Government 5 Section 1: U.S. Communities Reasons suburbs developed outside of cities: increased development and affordability of automobiles new transportation technology advances in communication

6. A MERICAN GOVERNMENT HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON Local Government 6 Section 1: U.S. Communities A metropolitan area is an urban area composed of a central city with a population of 50,000 or more people, its suburbs, and the surrounding counties that depend on it economically and socially.

7. A MERICAN GOVERNMENT HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON Local Government 7 Section 2: Local Government Organization Objectives: What are the four main types of local government? What are the different types of municipal government? What are the functions of a county government? What services do special districts provide? In what ways do local governments promote the public good?

8. A MERICAN GOVERNMENT HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON Local Government 8 Section 2: Local Government Organization The four main types of local government: counties towns or townships municipalities special districts

9. A MERICAN GOVERNMENT HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON Local Government 9 Section 2: Local Government Organization Different types of municipal government: mayor-council council-manager commission

10. A MERICAN GOVERNMENT HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON Local Government 10 Section 2: Local Government Organization Functions of a county government: acts as a judicial district in New England shares the duties of the local government in the Middle Atlantic and Midwest holds legislative and administrative powers in the South and the West, such as regulating the use of county property; creating requirements for licenses; levying taxes; operating welfare programs, hospitals, and jails; maintaining public records; and supervising elections maintains public roads and recreation facilities prosecutes people accused of breaking county laws

11. A MERICAN GOVERNMENT HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON Local Government 11 Section 2: Local Government Organization Services provided by special districts: running public schools coordinating transportation providing for sewage disposal maintaining a water supply

12. A MERICAN GOVERNMENT HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON Local Government 12 Section 2: Local Government Organization Local governments promote the public good by providing services for a community in which individuals would have difficulty providing for themselves.

13. A MERICAN GOVERNMENT HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON Local Government 13 Section 3: Revenue and Local Services Objectives: What are the sources of revenue for local governments? What different types of taxes may local governments levy? How do federal and state grants help provide local governments with needed revenue?

14. A MERICAN GOVERNMENT HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON Local Government 14 Section 3: Revenue and Local Services Sources of revenue for local governments: taxes fees federal and state grants loans

15. A MERICAN GOVERNMENT HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON Local Government 15 Section 3: Revenue and Local Services Types of taxes local governments may levy: property sales income

16. A MERICAN GOVERNMENT HOLT HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON Local Government 16 Section 3: Revenue and Local Services How federal and state grants help fund local governments: providing funds for public education paying for programs, such as public welfare, highway maintenance and construction, and government assistance

17. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON A MERICAN GOVERNMENT HOLT 17 Chapter Wrap-Up 1.What makes up a metropolitan area? 2.Why has the population growth been particularly high in the Sun Belt? 3.How are local governments established? How can state governments restrict the power of local governments? 4.Who runs special districts? What types of services do special districts provide?

18. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON A MERICAN GOVERNMENT HOLT 18 Chapter Wrap-Up 5.The bulk of property tax revenue comes from taxes on what kind of property? 6.Which sources of revenue do local governments rely on most to fund their schools?