2. Rules Be respectful to others in class Use appropriate language Discussions are to remain in this classroom Share your learning experience with a trusted adult (if you feel you want to)

3. What does the word Puberty mean? Puberty is a stage of growth and change between childhood and adulthood.

4. Changes during puberty are marked by: Physical changes Emotional changes Social changes

5. Physical Changes Growth spurt Reproductive system maturing Muscle development

6. Emotional Changes Mood swings

7. Social Changes Increased responsibility Increased independence Changes in relationships with family and friends

8. The Endocrine System What are Hormones?

9. Hormones are:  Chemical messengers released by endocrine glands that tell your cells what to do  Hormones travel around the body in the blood stream  Hormones are released at exactly the right time and have many important functions

10. Hormones also:  Tell your bones to grow longer  Enable yourself to use glucose (sugar) to produce energy  Begin the changes of puberty

11. Major Endocrine Glands and Functions Pituitary Gland Thyroid Gland Pancreas Adrenal Glands Ovaries (females only) Testes Thymus

12. Pituitary Gland It is the master gland that controls other glands and secretes many hormones It is pea-sized and located in the brain behind the eyes The Pituitary is responsible for releasing hormones such as: Estrogen in females Testosterone in males That signal the onset of puberty

13. Thyroid Gland Consists of two lobes located on either side of the wind pipe The thyroid controls your metabolism (the rate at which the body burns food) During puberty appetite often increases due to rapid growth which requires more food

14. Thymus Located in the chest area Two lobes along the trachea Builds up our immune system Decreases in size after you reach puberty Prevents us from getting illnesses and diseases

15. Pancreas Produces insulin, a hormone that allows the body to digest glucose (sugar) to provide energy for all bodily functions

16. Adrenal Glands Two glands located in the lower back that attach to the top of the kidneys The adrenal glands produce adrenaline and other hormones enabling the body to respond to stress and danger Adrenaline is sometimes known as the “fright or flight” hormone

17. Testes Located externally in the lower pelvis (in males only) Two oval shaped testicles are also part of the male reproductive system with produce and release sperm, which is a male reproductive cell

18. Ovaries Located in the lower abdomen and also part of the reproductive system in females only Females have two ovaries that store and release eggs, which are the female reproductive cells

19. Changes you will see when reaching puberty Increased size in genitals Growth of hair in new places (such as: face, armpits, and pubic area) Deeper voice Production of sperm cells acne

20. Male Reproductive System The male reproductive system matures during puberty as testosterone signals the production of sperm for the first time The main purpose of the reproductive system is to produce sperm which can fertilize a female egg to create a baby

21. Male Anatomy Testicles Scrotum Vas Deferens Urethra Penis Seminal Vesicles Prostate Glands

22. Testicles A male gland in which sperm and sex hormones like testosterone are produced

23. Scrotum The pouch of skin that contains the testicles

24. Vas Deferens The tube that carries sperm from the testicles

25. Urethra The duct through which urine and semen are discharged from the body, although not at the same time

26. Penis Male organ that allows a male to pass urine and semen from the body

27. Seminal Vesicles A pair of simple tubular glands that add a fructose fluid to semen The fluid provides nutrient energy for sperm

28. Prostate Gland Male gland located below the bladder that adds a chemical fluid to semen

29. Questions? If you have a question please write it down and place it in the box