1. LAN, WANs and More

3. LAN Switch Router Server Farm Wireless Access High Speed Connectivity Firewall Local Control Gateway

4. MAN Connecting LANs High Speed Point to point connection Dedicated cable Wireless Beam Infra Red or laser Normally restricted to a small geographical area Otherwise similar to LAN

5. WAN International Lower Speeds Internet technologies used Cloud computing Less or no control PPTP (Point to Point Tunnelling Protocol) VLAN technologies Encryption

6. Video: WAN, Man and LAN https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z8sqPruWG6Y

7. PSTN and LAN PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network Bandwidth: 300Hz to 3.4kHz Cables were optimised for analogues telephony at low f On the pure PSDN system data speeds of 56kbps were achieved New technologies improved the capacity of 50s infrastructure by introducing broadband PSTN WANs are still used for extreme situations

9. PSTN Circuit used as a backup connection

11. ADSL: Old and modern technology combined

12. VOIP replacing PSTN

14. 802.3 – Ethernet Standard "Grandaddy" of the 802 specifications. Provides asynchronous networking using "carrier sense, multiple access with collision detect" (CSMA/CD) over coax, twisted-pair copper, and fiber media. Current speeds range from 10 Mbps to 10 Gbps.

15. Ethernet CSMA/CD carrier sense multiple access with collision detection Analogy: crossroads without any rules and driving blindly into it Weakness of the standard in generating collisions has been alleviated through Data Switch technologies

16. 802.5 Token Ring Standard The original token-passing standard for twisted-pair, shielded copper cables. Supports copper and fiber cabling from 4 Mbps to 100 Mbps. Often called "IBM Token-Ring."Mbps

18. Token Ring The ring is actually established in an MSAU – multi station access unit The unit looks like a switch or a hub Speeds are only 4 Mbps and 16Mbps The standard has been less used in the 90s with the advent of data switches.