1. What is a metamorphic rock? How is it formed? Key Question: http://earthref.org/SCC Scripps Classroom Connection

2. How to make a metamorphic rock Take any kind of rock  Cook at 150 to ~600°C  Above ~650°C rocks start to melt  Bury to 2-45 km (pressure of 1-15 kb)  Apply water--wet rocks metamorphose at lower temperatures than ‘dry’ rocks http://earthref.org/SCC Scripps Classroom Connection

3. Factors Controlling Metamorphism Primary:  Temperature  Pressure Secondary:  Presence of hydrothermal fluids http://earthref.org/SCC Scripps Classroom Connection

4. Pressure Scripps Classroom Connection http://earthref.org/SCC Confining Pressure: same pressure from all directions. Directed Pressure: unequal pressure from different directions

5. Directed Pressure http://earthref.org/SCC Scripps Classroom Connection

6. ● Foliated: minerals are arranged in layers or bands ● Non-Foliated: not layered; minerals grow in the same size and shape Metamorphic Rock Textures http://earthref.org/SCC Scripps Classroom Connection Animation

7. Foliation becomes more distinct with increased temperature and pressure Crystals grow larger Foliation (layering) becomes more obvious Order schist, slate and gneiss with increasing foliation and explain why. http://earthref.org/SCC Scripps Classroom Connection

8. Effects of Hydrothermal Fluids Rocks contain liquids and gases Fluids dissolve and transport ions throughout large regions of rock Rocks change chemically into different mineralogy and texture http://earthref.org/SCC Scripps Classroom Connection

9. Two Types of Metamorphism Contact Regional http://earthref.org/SCC Scripps Classroom Connection

10. http://earthref.org/SCC Relation of Metamorphic Rocks to Plate Tectonics

11. Metamorphism: Tectonic Settings http://earthref.org/SCC Scripps Classroom Connection

12. Tectonics and the Rock Cycle: Uplift and Erosion http://earthref.org/SCC Scripps Classroom Connection

13. ● Metamorphism involves a change in rock ● Metamorphism occurs under three conditions ● Metamorphic rocks are classified into two main groups ● There are two overall categories of metamorphism according to how they are formed, and the area of rock affected Overview http://earthref.org/SCC Scripps Classroom Connection